Computer Hardware Devices

Buses are the electronic pathways that carry data signals between components on the motherboard. Think of them as the highways or conduits through which information flows between the CPU, memory, and other components. Flash memory is storage, CMOS is memory for BIOS settings, bays hold drives, and peripherals connect externally - none are internal data pathways.

The cursor is the blinking indicator that shows your current position on the computer screen. It indicates where text will appear when you type or where an action will take place when you click. Mouse, Logo, Hand, and Palm are not cursor types.

A keyboard is an input device because it sends data and commands TO the computer system. Input devices allow users to provide information and instructions to the computer, as opposed to output devices which display or present information FROM the computer.

Smart cards are distinguished from magnetic stripe cards by their embedded microchip, which provides enhanced security and processing capabilities. Magnetic stripes, signatures, and photographs can all be found on traditional cards. The microchip is the unique element that enables smart cards to store and process data securely.

A card reader is an input device that reads data from punched cards. The card itself is the storage medium that holds the data and functions as output when created by a keypunch machine. In conventional computer architecture terminology, readers are input devices.

The keyboard is the most widely used input device for entering text, commands, and data into computers. While other devices like mice and touchscreens are common, the keyboard remains essential for most computing tasks.

Optical Mark Recognition, or OMR, is specifically designed to read pencil or pen marks made on standardized test forms and questionnaires. Other input devices like cameras or general pointing devices do not automatically score bubble sheets.

It is a device used to move an object on screen in any direction, and it is used in computer games.

It is a communication channel, which allow software applications to share hardware resources without interfering with each other. It is a place where data can enter or leave the computer.

Port is used to receive  bytes from external peripherals for reading them using instructions executed on the processor or to send the bytes to external peripherals using instructions executed on processor.

A modem is used to translate information transferred through telephone lines, cable and satellite.

It is a controlled pointer device. Generally, it has two buttons; the left one is used to select objects and text and the right one is used to access menus.

Optical Character Recognition: It involves reading text from paper and translating the images into a form that a computer can manipulate.