Physics · Science General

Collisions, Momentum and Kinetic Energy

331 Questions

Collisions, momentum, and kinetic energy questions analyze the principles of elastic and inelastic impacts. They require calculating mass, velocity, and conserved energy during physical interactions. These foundational physics topics are essential for most government engineering and general science examinations.

Elastic collisionsInelastic collisionsMomentum calculationKinetic energy principlesVelocity after impact

Collisions, Momentum and Kinetic Energy Questions

Multiple choice physics force and newton's laws of motion momentum (p) introduction to momentum linear momentum

A 4-kilograms ball slides over horizontal friction less surface with velocity of 1 meter per second ball strike the post and rebounds upward perpendicular to the initial direction with same speed.
Calculate the change of momentum of the ball in initial direction.

  1. -4 kg.m/s

  2. -1 kg.m/s

  3. 0 kg.m/s

  4. 1 kg.m/s

  5. 4 kg.m/s
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Initially the velocity of the ball in horizontal direction is $1m/s$.

Finally the velocity of ball remains in vertical direction. Thus velocity in initial direction(horizontal)=$0m/s$
Thus the change in momentum=$\vec{p _2}-\vec{p _1}=m(\vec{v _2}-\vec{v _1})=4\times (0-1)kgm/s=-4kgm/s$

Multiple choice physics force and newton's laws of motion momentum (p) introduction to momentum linear momentum

A force acts on a body of mass 3 kg such that its velocity changes from $4 \,m\, s^{-1}$ to $10 \,m\, s^{-1}$. The change in momentum of the body is:

  1. $42 \,kg\, m\, s^{-1}$
  2. $2 \,kg\, m\, s^{-1}$
  3. $18 \,kg\, m\, s^{-1}$
  4. $14 \,kg\, m\, s^{-1}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Given, $m=3 kg$, $v _1=4 m/s$ and $v _2=10 m/s$

Change in momentum $=p _2-p _1=mv _2-mv _2=m(v _2-v _1)=3(10-4)=18 $ $kg $ $ms^{-1}$

Multiple choice physics force and newton's laws of motion momentum (p) introduction to momentum linear momentum

Two bodies $A$ and $B$ having mass $M$ and $m$ respectively possesses same kinetic energy. Given that $M> m$. If ${\rho} _{A}$ and ${\rho} _{B}$ be their momentum, then which of the following statements is true?

  1. ${ \rho } _{ A }={ \rho } _{ B }$
  2. ${ \rho } _{ A }> { \rho } _{ B }$
  3. ${ \rho } _{ A }< { \rho } _{ B }$

  4. It cannot be predicted
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Two bodies A and B having mass m and M respectively possesses same Kinetic energy : 
$K _A = K _B$
In general kinetic energy, $K = \dfrac{1}{2} mv^2 = \dfrac{p^2}{2m}$ where $p$ is momentum. 
$\therefore \dfrac{\rho _A ^2}{2M} = \dfrac{\rho _B ^2}{2m}$
$ \dfrac{\rho _A ^2}{M} = \dfrac{\rho _B ^2}{m}$
But $M>m$ and therefore for above equation to be true $\rho _A ^2 < \rho _B ^2$ or $\rho _A < \rho _B $ 
Multiple choice

The relationship between kinetic energy and momentum is

  1. Directly proportional

  2. Directly proportional with squared

  3. Inversely proportional

  4. Constant
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kinetic energy is given by KE = p^2 / (2m), where p is momentum. Thus, kinetic energy is directly proportional to the square of the momentum.

Multiple choice

Formula of momentum

  1. p = F ⋅ Δt

  2. p = F ⋅ I

  3. p = KE ⋅ Δt

  4. p = m ⋅ v
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity. Option D represents this standard physical definition.

Multiple choice

Is the product of mass and velocity

  1. Impulse

  2. Work

  3. Momentum

  4. Energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity. Impulse is the product of force and time, while work is force times displacement.

Multiple choice

How is momentum calculated?

  1. mass times speed of the object

  2. mass divided by speed squared of the object

  3. mass times the velocity of the object

  4. mass divided by velocity of the object
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Momentum is defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity (p = mv).

Multiple choice

G.P.E= m x (?) x change in (?)

  1. 9.8 x mass

  2. g x mass

  3. g x height

  4. 9.8 x h
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) = m × g × h, where m is mass, g is gravitational acceleration, and h is height. The formula asks for g × height to complete the equation.

Multiple choice

KE = 0.5 x v2 x ?

  1. mass

  2. weight

  3. speed

  4. height
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The formula for Kinetic Energy is 0.5 * mass * velocity squared (0.5 * m * v^2).

Multiple choice

What is kinetic energy?

  1. 1 times mass times speed squared

  2. 1/2 times mass time speed squared

  3. 1/2 mass over speed squared

  4. mass times speed squared
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The standard formula for kinetic energy is 1/2 multiplied by mass multiplied by velocity squared (KE = 1/2mv^2).