Chemistry · Science General

Common Chemical Compounds and Reactions

1,204 Questions

Common chemical compounds and reactions questions test your knowledge of everyday chemicals, their formulas, and their interactions. Topics include properties of acids and bases, hard water chemistry, and compounds like baking soda and plaster of paris. This section is essential for general science preparation.

Acids and basesPlaster of parisHard water chemistryCommon chemical formulasEveryday chemical reactions

Common Chemical Compounds and Reactions Questions

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

Which of the following compounds is known as baking soda?

  1. Sodium carbonate

  2. Calcium carbonate

  3. Sodium bicarbonate

  4. Calcium bicarbonate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is called baking soda because when heated, it releases carbon dioxide gas, which is responsible for the rising of cookies, doughnuts, and bread.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

Sodium bicarbonate is also known as:

  1. washing soda

  2. baking soda

  3. glauber's salt

  4. lime soda
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sodium bicarbonate, also commonly known as baking soda, is commonly seen as a white, fine powder and has the chemical formula NaHCO3. It has one sodium atom, one hydrogen atom, one carbon atom, and three oxygen atoms. It is a very useful chemical that is alkaline in nature.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

When baking soda reacts with vinegar, _________ is formed.

  1. sodium carbonate

  2. sodium hydrogen carbonate

  3. sodium acetate

  4. none of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The reaction between baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and vinegar (dilute acetic acid) generates carbon dioxide gas and sodium acetate.
$ NaHCO _3 + CH _3COOH \rightarrow  CH _3COONa + H _2O + CO _2 $

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

How would you distinguish between baking powder over washing soda by heating?

  1. Carbon dioxide is evolved in the reaction

  2. Carbon dioxide is not evolved in the reaction

  3. Hydrogen is evolved in the reaction

  4. They can be heated at high temperatures
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The production of carbon dioxide is main characteristic of baking soda that makes it suitable for baking.Baking soda gives carbon dioxide and water vapour on heating at even low temperature such as $1000^oC$. The gas so formed turns lime water milky, which confirms the presence of carbon dioxide gas. When Washing soda ($Na _2CO _3$) is heated it does not produce carbon dioxide even at high temperature, such as $200^0C$ or $300^oC$. However sodium carbonate gives sodium oxide and carbon dioxide when heated at about $1000^oC$.

The gas produced by heating of the samples can be checked by passing through lime water. If the lime water turns milky then the evolved gas is carbon dioxide and the heated substance is baking powder.

$2NaHCO _{3} \xrightarrow{Heat} Na _{2}CO _{3} + H _{2}O + CO _{2}$

$Na _{2}CO _{3}.10H _{2}O \xrightarrow{Heat}Na _{2}CO _{3} + 10H _{2}O$

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

Sodium hydrogen carbonate is used in fire extinguisher.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 Sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium bicarbonate is used as a fire extinguisher. When heated to a high temperature, the chemical properties of this salt make it produce lots of carbon dioxide and remove oxygen. This reduces the amount of oxygen and puts the fire out. The reaction also produces a small quantity of water and sodium carbonate as by-products.
$2NaHCO _3 + H _2SO _4 \rightarrow Na _2SO _4 + 2H _2O + 2CO _2$

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

Which of the following give brisk effervescence with baking soda ?

  1. methanoic acid

  2. propanoic acid

  3. ethanoic acid

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The carboxylic acids react with baking soda to form sodium acetate, carbon dioxide and water. The general reaction can be written as:
$RCOOH + NaHCO _{3} \rightarrow CH _{3}COONa + CO _{2} + H _{2}O$
Thus the effervescence results from the release of carbon dioxide gas.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

$NaHCO _{3}$ can be used on its own to make cakes or bread. Baking powder is more commonly used, and contains $NaHCO _{3}$, $Ca(H _{2}PO _{4}) _{2}$ and starch. An improved combination baking powder contains about 40% starch, 30% $NaHCO _{3}$ 20% $NaAl(SO _{4}) _{2}$ and 10% $Ca(H _{2}PO _{4}) _{2}.$ 

Answer the following questions based on above study.

Rise in bread and cakes is due to______ when it decomposes between $50^{o}C$ and $100^{o}C$. 

  1. $CO _{2}$
  2. $H _{2}O$

  3. both (a) and (b)

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
This happens due to reaction: $NaHCO _3+ H^+ \rightarrow Na^+ + CO _2+ H _2O$ 

The carbon dioxide produced in these reactions causes the dough to rise (ferment or prove), and the alcohol produced mostly evaporates from the dough during the baking process.
Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

$NaHCO _{3}$ can be used on its own to make cakes or bread. Baking powder is more commonly used, and contains $NaHCO _{3}$, $Ca(H _{2}PO _{4}) _{2}$ and starch. An improved combination baking powder contains about 40% starch, 30% $NaHCO _{3}$ 20% $NaAl(SO _{4}) _{2}$ and 10% $Ca(H _{2}PO _{4}) _{2}$

Answer the following questions based on above study.


In improved baking powder, $NaAl(SO _{4}) _{2}$ is used for :

  1. makes the decomposition of $NaHCO _{3}$ faster
  2. slows the decomposition of $NaHCO _{3}$

  3. acts as filler

  4. makes the bread rise.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Acid in a baking powder can be either fast-acting or slow-acting. $NaAl(SO _4) _2$ is a weak acid, it react with sodiumbicarbonate to produce $CO _2$ gas.

$NaAl(SO _4) _2 + 3NaHCO _3 \rightarrow AlOH _3 + 2Na _2SO _4 + 3CO _2$

Multiple choice chemistry substances in common use preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

$NaHCO _{3}$ can be used on its own to make cakes or bread. Baking powder is more commonly used, and contains $NaHCO _{3}$, $Ca(H _{2}PO _{4}) _{2}$ and starch. An improved combination baking powder contains about 40% starch, 30% $NaHCO _{3}$ 20% $NaAl(SO _{4}) _{2}$ and 10% $Ca(H _{2}PO _{4}) _{2}.$ 

Answer the following questions based on above study.

$Ca(H _{2}PO _{4}) _{2}$ in baking powder:

  1. behaves as an acid in moist condition and decomposes $NaHCO _{3}$ to give $CO _{2}$
  2. behaves as a base in moist condition and gives $H _{3}PO _{4}$

  3. behaves as a binder

  4. behaves as a filler
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Reaction of process:
$14 NaHCO _3+ 5 Ca(H _2PO _4)2H _2O\rightarrow 14 CO _2+ Ca _5(PO _4)3OH + 7 Na _2HPO _4+ 18 H _2O$


So Ca(H2PO4)2 in baking powder behaves as an acid  in moist condition and decomposes $NaHCO _3$ to give $CO _2$

Multiple choice chemistry allotropy of carbon preparation, properties and uses of baking soda chemical from common salt compounds of carbon

Which of the following is used as fire extinguisher ?

  1. Sodium carbonate

  2. Sodium bicarbonate

  3. Sodium chloride

  4. Ammonium chloride
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sodium bicarbonate, also called sodium hydrogen carbonate, or bicarbonate of soda,$NaHCO _3$, is a source of carbon dioxide and so is used as an ingredient in baking powders, in effervescent salts and beverages, and as the main constituent of dry-chemical fire extinguishers.