Biology

Cell Cycle and Chromosomes

1,219 Questions

Explore a curated list of questions covering the cell cycle, mitosis, and meiosis. Topics include DNA replication, chromosomal structures, and genetic disorders. This material is essential for students preparing for biology and general science competitive exams.

Cell cycle eventsDNA replicationMeiosis processChromosomal structuresGenetic disorders

Cell Cycle and Chromosomes Questions

Multiple choice

Multiplication of DNA is called

  1. transcription

  2. translation

  3. replication

  4. transduction

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.

Multiple choice

During mitosis, the number of chromosomes

  1. changes

  2. does not change

  3. may change if cell is mature

  4. may change if cell is immature

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There is no change in the number of chromosomes in mitosis. Therefore, it is called as equivalent division.

Multiple choice

L-shaped chromosomes are also called as

  1. acrocentric

  2. telocentric

  3. sub-metacentric

  4. None of these

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

It is a chromosome with the centromere so placed that it divides the chromosome into two arms of strikingly unequal length. Thus, it forms the L-shape.

Multiple choice

Chromosome can be best seen during

  1. prophase

  2. metaphase

  3. anaphase

  4. telophase

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chromosomes are best seen during cell division when they are most condensed, especially during metaphase. They are seen by light microscope or by special stains.

Multiple choice

Genes are present on

  1. chromosomes

  2. lamellae

  3. plasma membrane

  4. mesosomes

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes, which are made up of DNA, act on instructions to make molecules called proteins. These are found on chromosomes.

Multiple choice

Gene is a segment of

  1. Chromosome

  2. DNA

  3. RNA

  4. Both (2) and (3)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The correct option is (2).

Multiple choice

During cell cycle, RNA and non-histone proteins are synthesised in

  1. S phase

  2. G0 phase

  3. G2 phase

  4. M phase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

It is the second growth period of the cell cycle, following DNA replication and preceding prophase, during which the cell forms the materials that make up the spindle. RNA and non-histone proteins are synthesised in this phase.

Multiple choice

Meiosis involves which of the following?

  1. Two nuclear divisions and one chromosomal division

  2. One nuclear division and one chromosomal division

  3. One nuclear division and two chromosomal divisions

  4. Two nuclear divisions and two chromosomal divisions

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. Thus, meiosis involves two nuclear divisions and one chromosomal division.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are the stages in proper sequence of prophase 1?

  1. Zygotene, leptotene, pachytene, diplotene and diakinesis

  2. Leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene and diakinesis

  3. Leptotene, pachytene, zygotene, diakinesis and diplotene

  4. Diplotene, diakinesis, pachytene, zygotene and leptotene

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct sequence of the stages of prophase 1.