Biology

Cell Cycle and Chromosomes

1,348 Questions

Explore a curated list of questions covering the cell cycle, mitosis, and meiosis. Topics include DNA replication, chromosomal structures, and genetic disorders. This material is essential for students preparing for biology and general science competitive exams.

Cell cycle eventsDNA replicationMeiosis processChromosomal structuresGenetic disorders

Cell Cycle and Chromosomes Questions

Multiple choice

Genetic variations is caused by

  1. synapse of homologous chromosomes in meiosis

  2. chiasmata formation in meiosis

  3. tetrad formation in meiosis

  4. due to DNA repair at the end of cell division
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chiasmata formation is crossing over of non-sister chromatids which may cause recombination and ultimately lead to genetic variation.

Multiple choice

In which phase of meiosis does the independent assortment of chromosomes take place?

  1. Metaphase II

  2. Metaphase I

  3. Prophase I

  4. Prophase II
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Independent assortment of chromosomes takes place in metaphase I. The physical basis of the independent assortment of chromosomes is the random orientation of each bivalent along the metaphase plate, with respect to the orientation of the other bivalents along the same equatorial line.

Multiple choice

Which meiotic stage resembles prometaphase of mitosis?

  1. Pachytene

  2. Diplotene

  3. Diakinesis

  4. Zygotene
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Other than chiasmata and tetrads being visible , the rest of the diakinesis stage closely resembles prometaphase of mitosis; the nucleoli disappear, the nuclear membrane disintegrates into vesicles and the meiotic spindle begins to form.

Multiple choice

Polar microtubules

  1. interact with kinetochores

  2. contact components of the membrane skeleton

  3. interact with microtubules from opposite centromere

  4. attach to chromomere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Polar molecules interact with microtubules from opposite centromere.

Multiple choice

Karyotyping can be done from

  1. only the sex cells in our body

  2. any cells in our body

  3. only the embryonic cells in our body

  4. only the uterus cells in our body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cells in blood, hair, finger nails and any other tissue in our body can be cultured to create a karyotype of the chromosomes. 

Multiple choice

By analysing a number of somatic cell hybrid lines for enzyme activities and their human chromosome constitution, the doctors can find out

  1. the number of chromosomes in the human genome

  2. the number of human chromosomes in each cell

  3. the location of gene on the chromosome that produces a specific enzyme

  4. the number of ribosomes in each cell

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

It is possible to correspond enzyme activity with a specific chromosome in a somatic cell hybrid.

Multiple choice

Colchicine brings about:

  1. chromosome aberrations

  2. doubling of chromosomes

  3. gene mutations

  4. quick replication
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  Colchicine is a toxic chemical that is often used to induce polyploidy in plants. Basically, the colchicine prevents the microtubule formation during cell division, thus the chromosomes do not pull apart like they normally do. The end result is a cell that now has double the number of chromosomes that it would normally have.