Biology

Cell Cycle and Chromosomes

1,219 Questions

Explore a curated list of questions covering the cell cycle, mitosis, and meiosis. Topics include DNA replication, chromosomal structures, and genetic disorders. This material is essential for students preparing for biology and general science competitive exams.

Cell cycle eventsDNA replicationMeiosis processChromosomal structuresGenetic disorders

Cell Cycle and Chromosomes Questions

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the following information and answer the given question.

Mrs. Gupta was expecting from the last one month. Both Mrs. and Mr. Gupta went to a maternity hospital. They expressed their desire to know the sex of their unborn child to the concerned doctor. The doctor refused to comply to this request. They even tried to bribe the doctor, but he disagreed.

Which of the following represents the correct description of sex chromosomes in humans?

  1. XX - female, XY - male

  2. XY - female, XX - male

  3. It can’t be determined

  4. XO - female, XXY - male
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In humans, females have two X chromosomes (XX) while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). This XY sex determination system is fundamental to human biology. The Y chromosome carries the SRY gene which triggers male development. Options B, C, and D are incorrect - XY-XX is reversed, the sex CAN be determined genetically, and XO/XXY are rare chromosomal variations, not the normal human pattern.

Multiple choice

Mini-satellites are

  1. 9bp to 80bp sized short sequences of DNA

  2. short coding repetitive regions on the eukaryotic genome

  3. short non-coding repetitive sequences present on chromosomes

  4. region of chromosome after secondary constriction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mini-satellites are non-coding repetitive sequences present on the chromosomes.

Multiple choice

Which is the largest human chromosome?

  1. Chromosome 1

  2. Chromosome 7

  3. Chromosome 19

  4. Chromosome 15
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The largest human chromosome is chromosome 1. Chromosome 1 spans about 249 million nucleotide base pairs.

Multiple choice

The membrane bounding a chromosome is called

  1. chromosomal membrane

  2. pellicle

  3. tonoplast

  4. genetic coat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Each chromosome is bounded by a membrane called pellicle. It is very thin and is formed of achromatic substance.

Multiple choice

A holocentric chromosome has

  1. only two centromeres

  2. chromosome without centromere

  3. a large number of centromeres scattered throughout the length of the chromosome

  4. only one centromere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A holocentric chromosome is where a large number of centromeres are scattered throughout the length of the chromosome.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of metaphase?

  1. The chromosomes are single and condensed.

  2. The chromosomes are in the form of chromonema.

  3. A typical chromosome consists of two chromatids.

  4. Chromosomes bear bead-like structures called chromomeres.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A chromosome consists of two chromatids at metaphase.