Business and Tech Leaders

Rasmus Lerdorf created PHP in 1994. He developed it originally to track visits to his online resume, and it later evolved into a server-side scripting language. While the option spells his name as 'Ledorf', this is clearly referring to Rasmus Lerdorf, the Danish-Canadian programmer who is the original author of PHP.

Joseph Schumpeter believed that the concept of innovation is process of “creative destructions.” Innovation requires a fresh way of looking at things, an understanding of people, and an entrepreneurial willingness to take risks and to work hard.

Option (2) is the correct answer. 

Mark Zuckerberg (note spelling with two 'b's, though option has typo 'Zukerberg') has been the CEO of Facebook since its founding in 2004 and continues to lead the company (later renamed Meta). In 2011, he was definitely the CEO. Steve Jobs led Apple, Steve Ballmer led Microsoft, and Eric Schmidt led Google during that period.

Scott Thompson was hired as CEO of Yahoo in January 2012, succeeding Carol Bartz. He previously served as President of PayPal. His tenure at Yahoo was brief - he resigned in May 2012 due to controversy over his educational credentials. He was succeeded by Marissa Mayer later that year.

Norbert Reithofer succeeded Helmut Panke as the CEO of BMW in 2006. Reithofer had been with BMW since 1987 and held various positions before becoming CEO. He led BMW through the global financial crisis and focused on sustainable mobility. The succession was part of BMW's planned leadership transition.

Warren Buffett is the CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, a position he has held since 1970. He is widely considered one of the most successful investors of all time. While he is often referred to as the 'Chairman and CEO,' he is indeed the chief executive officer of the conglomerate. Berkshire Hathaway owns diverse subsidiaries including GEICO, Duracell, and Dairy Queen.

S. 'Kris' Gopalakrishnan served as the CEO and Managing Director of Infosys from 2007 to 2011, and later as its Vice Chairman. He was one of the co-founders of Infosys along with N.R. Narayana Murthy and others. Under his leadership, Infosys continued its growth trajectory and navigated the challenges of the global financial crisis. Gopalakrishnan is a prominent figure in the Indian IT industry and has been recognized with several awards including the Padma Bhushan. He played a key role in shaping Infosys's corporate governance and global strategy.

Paul Krugman won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2008 for his work on international trade and economic geography. Daniel Kahneman won in 2002 for psychology/economics, Milton Friedman won in 1976, and Amartya Sen won in 1998.

Ashok Ganguly, former chairman of Hindustan Unilever, received the ET Lifetime Achievement Award in 2008 for his contributions to Indian industry. Narayan Murthy, Lakshmi Mittal, and Azim Premji are all highly respected industrialists but did not receive this specific award that year.

He set up Celtel which is the leading mobile phone company in Africa

Bill Gates dropped out of Harvard in 1975 to focus on Microsoft, which he had co-founded. Despite leaving without a degree, he became one of the world's most successful entrepreneurs, often cited as Harvard's most famous dropout. Neither Ballmer (Harvard graduate), Dell (attended University of Texas), nor Ellison (attended University of Illinois) dropped out of Harvard.

(1) The famous personality Ankit Fadia is associated with ethical hacking.

The clue is something that made the company 'world's largest software maker'.