Biology · Chemistry
Biomolecules and Enzymes
1,501 Questions
This topic focuses on biomolecules, specifically proteins, enzymes, and amino acids. It includes questions on enzyme structures, protein folding, and catalysis. These concepts are crucial for medical and biology competitive exams.
Enzyme catalysisProtein structuresAmino acid synthesisPolypeptide chainsBiomolecule properties
Biomolecules and Enzymes Questions
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Histidine
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Tyrosine
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Glutamic acid
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Ornithine
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Glutamic acid produces GABA, which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter.
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Mannose-6-phosphate
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Phosphorylation of tyrosine
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Cleavage of the N-terminus of the protein
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Cleavage of the C-terminus of the protein
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Modification of the protein by addition of mannose-6-phosphate is involved in targeting the lysosomal enzymes.
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All proteins with isoelectric point below pH 7.0 will have negative charge and move towards positive electrode.
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All proteins with isoelectric point above pH 7.0 will have positive charge and move towards negative electrode.
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At isoelectric point, the net charge of protein depends on the nature of aminoacid present in the protein.
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All of the above
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Only 1 and 2
E
Correct answer
Explanation
Options 1 and 2 are true, but 3 is false.
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Taq
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Vent
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Pfu
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None of these
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All of the above
E
Correct answer
Explanation
All of the above are thermostable DNA polymerase.
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Ornithine and Citrulline
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Glycine and Tyrosine
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Valine and Arginine
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Ornithine and Tyrosine
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Arginine and Citrulline
A
Correct answer
Explanation
This option is correct because Ornithine and Citrulline are non-protein amino acids.
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Histidine and tryptophan
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Arginine and lysine
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Tyrosine and tryptophan
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Cystine and tyrosine
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Histidine and tyrosine
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Arginine and lysine are the major amino acids in histone protein of chromosomes.
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Mannose-6-phosphate
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Phosphorylation of tyrosine
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Cleavage of N-terminus of protein
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Cleavage of C-terminus of protein
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Modification of the protein by addition of mannose-6-phosphate is involved in targeting enzymes to the lysosome.
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Proline
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Tryptophan
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Valine
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Histidine
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Alanine
B
Correct answer
Explanation
It is absent in histones.
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P type ATPase
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V type ATPase
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F type ATPase
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ABC transporter
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A type ATPase
D
Correct answer
Explanation
ATP binding cassette transporters are transmembrane proteins that utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis to carry out translocation of various substrates across membranes. It is also involved in eukaryotic development of resistance to multidrugs.
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Threonine to valine
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Glutamic acid to valine
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Glutamic acid to isoleucine
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Alanine to valine
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Glutamic acid to alanine
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The change of glutamic acid to valine in the sixth position of beta globin chain of haemoglobin causes sickle cell anaemia.
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theory of error catastrophe
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somatic mutation theory
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programmed senescence theory
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wear and tear theory
A
Correct answer
Explanation
As per this theory, damage to mechanisms synthesise proteins resulting in faulty proteins, which assemble to a level that causes catastrophic damage to cells, tissues, and organs.
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tryptophan
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histidine
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gLycine
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proline
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arginine
A
Correct answer
Explanation
An essential amino acid or indispensable amino acid is an amino acid that cannot be synthesized natively by the organism being considered, and therefore must be supplied in its diet.
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isoschizomers
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chromomeres
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capsomeres
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capsid
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polymers
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The capsomere is a basic subunit of the capsid, an outer covering of protein that protects the genetic material of a virus.
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Mimotope
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Allergen
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Immunogen
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Paratope
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Hapten
D
Correct answer
Explanation
An epitope, also known as antigenic determinant, is the part of an antigen that is recognised by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells, or T cells. The part of an antibody that recognises the epitope is called a paratope.
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Claudin
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Lectin
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Ghrelin
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Integrin
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Leptin
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding protein macromolecules that are highly specific for sugar moieties.