Biology

Biological Reproduction

806 Questions

Biological reproduction encompasses processes like asexual and sexual reproduction, alternation of generations, and specific mechanisms in plants and fungi. This topic is fundamental for biology paper preparation in various competitive exams. Practice these questions to solidify your understanding.

Asexual reproduction structuresPlant and fungi life cyclesCloning and fertilizationReproductive terminology

Biological Reproduction Questions

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: (a) Degenerative process of germ cells (i.e. oogonia) is called atresia. (b) If only males are produced parthenogenitically, then the process is called thelotoky. (c) Arrhenotoky is the process of production of only female individuals parthenogenitically. Which of the above statements is / are incorrect?

  1. Only (a) and (c)

  2. Only (a) and (b)

  3. Only (b) and (c)

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (a) is correct. Degenerative process of germ cells (i.e., oogonia) is called atresia. Statement (b) is incorrect. If only males are produced parthenogenitically, then the process is called arrhenotoky. Statement (c) is incorrect. Thelotoky is the process of production of only female individuals parthenogenitically.

Multiple choice

Life cycle of which of the following pathogenic protozoans is/are digenetic?

  1. Entamoeba histolytica

  2. Plasmodium vivax

  3. Trypanosam cruzi

Select the correct answer using codes given below:

  1. 1 only

  2. Both 1 and 2

  3. Both 1 and 3

  4. Both 2 and 3

  5. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plasmodium vivax (malaria parasite) completes its asexual part of life cycle in people and the sexual part in the female Anopheles mosquito (Digenetic life cycle). Trypanosam cruzi possesses a digenetic life cycle involving a hematophagous insect vector and a mammalian host.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are false regarding Plasmodium?

P. It is commonly known as malarial parasite.

Q. The female Anopheles mosquito serves as a reservoir host for Plasmodium.

R. The gametophytes of Plasmodium are formed in lumen of stomach of mosquito.

S. The zygote of Plasmodium is known as ookinete.

Select the correct answer using codes given below:

  1. P and Q

  2. P and R

  3. P and S

  4. Q and R

  5. R and S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Monkeys serve as reservoir host for Plasmodium. Female Anopheles mosquito serves as vector. Gametophytes of Plasmodium are formed in RBC of blood of man. Gametes are formed in lumen of stomach of mosquito.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are incorrect regarding Plasmodium vivax?

P. Duration of exoerythrocytic cycle is 14 - 15 days.

Q. Duration of erythrocytic cycle is 48 hours.

R. Incubation period is 20 - 24 days.

S. Duration of sexual cycle is 10 days.

Select correct answer using codes given below:

  1. P and Q

  2. P and R

  3. P and S

  4. Q and R

  5. Q and S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Duration of exoerythrocytic cycle is 8 days in Plasmodium vivax, while it is 14 - 15 days in Plasmodium malariae. Incubation period is 12 - 14 days in Plasmodium vivax, while it is 20 - 24 days in Plasmodium malariae.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct for phragmo basidium?

  1. It is an entire basidium, which is fully reproductive.

  2. It is a septate basidium, which for all purposes is one structure.

  3. It is a septate basidium where only one cell is reproductive.

  4. It is a septate basidium where both cells are reproductive.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct for Eucarpic fungi?

  1. Habitat is saprophytic and mycelium coenocytic.

  2. The reproductive organs arise from a part of thallus while the rest carries out somatic function.

  3. The entire thallus may be converted into reproductive structure so that somatic and reproductive phases do not occur in some individual.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Eucarpic fungi are those where only a portion of the thallus (vegetative body) is converted into reproductive structures, while the rest continues to perform somatic functions. This is the defining characteristic. Option C correctly states this. Option A describes habitat incorrectly (eucarpy is about reproduction, not habitat). Option B describes holocarpic fungi, not eucarpic.

Multiple choice

What are the sexual reproductive structures of algae?

  1. Zoospores and oogonia

  2. Aplanospores and antheridia

  3. Zoospores and aplanospores

  4. Zoospores and antheridia

  5. Oogonia and antheridia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

During the sexual reproduction of algae, eggs are formed within the relatively unmodified vegetative cells called oogonia that function as female structures and the sperms are produced within special male reproductive structures called antheridia, where the gametes are fused to produce a diploid zygote.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is true about cnidarians that exhibit metagenesis?

  1. Polyps produce medusae asexually and medusae form the polyps sexually.

  2. Polyps produce medusae asexually as well as sexually.

  3. Medusae form the polyps sexually as well as asexually but polyps produce medusae only asexually.

  4. Polyps form the medusae sexually as well as asexually but medusae produce polyps only asexually.

  5. Medusae produce polyps asexually and polyps form the medusae sexually.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Those cnidarians which exist in both forms exhibit alternation of generation, known as Metagenesis, i.e. polyps produce medusae asexually and medusae form the polyps sexually (e.g. Obelia).

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a characteristic of sexual reproduction?

  1. It involves the formation of gametes.

  2. It leads to variations in the offspring.

  3. It produces identical copies of parents.

  4. It promotes diversity of characteristics in the offspring.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Formation of gamete is essential for sexual reproduction as gametes from two different individuals fuse together for the production of a new individual.