Astronomy and Celestial Phenomena

This is the correct option. As the pole star lies on the axis of rotation of the Earth, it appears stationary.

This is the correct option. An asteroid is a small celestial object which revolves around the Sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. A comet is a collection of gases and dust which appears as a bright ball of light in the sky with a long glowing tail when it comes close to the Sun. A meteorite is a meteor which does not burn up completely on entering the Earth's atmosphere.

This is the correct option as statement 'b' is a false statement. The heat and light of the stars is produced by  nuclear fusion reactions taking place inside them.

This is the correct option. Pole Star is not visible from the Southern Hemisphere of the Earth.

This is the correct option as none of these statements are false. The Earth rotates on an imaginary axis which passes through its North and South poles. The axis of rotation of Earth is slightly tilted with respect to the plane of its orbit around the Sun and as a result of the rotation of Earth on its axis, day and night and different seasons on the Earth are caused.

This is the correct option as this is a false statement. The night on which the whole bright disc of the Moon is visible from the Earth is called the full Moon day, not the crescent Moon.

Rainbows occur when sunlight is refracted, reflected, and dispersed through water droplets in the atmosphere. This phenomenon is most visible when the sun is relatively low in the sky - typically 40 degrees or less above the horizon. When the sun is higher, the rainbow angle becomes too shallow to be visible from the ground, or it may be below the horizon.

Rotation means spinning on an axis. Earth rotates west to east on its own axis once every 24 hours, creating day and night. Option A describes revolution (orbiting the sun), not rotation. Option B is incorrect - Earth doesn't orbit the moon.

The correct answer is C. Auroras are natural light displays that are 'observed' (watched/seen) at night, and they occur 'only' in polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic). This combination captures both the visual nature of auroras and their geographical restriction. Options like 'watch, upward' or 'found, most' don't capture the precise meaning - auroras aren't typically described with 'upward', and 'most' in polar regions would suggest they also occur elsewhere, which is incorrect.

The photosphere is the visible surface of the sun - a layer about 500 km thick where the sun's gases become thin enough for light to escape. It appears yellow and has a temperature of about 5,500°C. The corona (outer atmosphere) is only visible during eclipses, while ionosphere and stratosphere relate to Earth's atmosphere.

Moon is a natural satellite (orbiting body), and Earth is a planet (primary body that orbits the sun). The analogy follows the pattern 'satellite: primary body'. So just as Moon relates to being a satellite, Earth relates to being a planet. Air, Sun, and Sea don't fit the classification pattern.

The correct answer is black. Unlike Earth, the Moon has no atmosphere to scatter sunlight. On Earth, Rayleigh scattering makes the sky appear blue. On the Moon, even during daytime, the sky appears black because there's no air to scatter light.

This is the correct option. Photonasty is response to light.

A shadow is shortest when the Sun is directly overhead, which happens at noon. At this time, the sun's rays are most nearly vertical, casting the shortest shadow. In the morning and evening, when the Sun is lower in the sky, shadows are much longer.

Yes, it is the correct. The Moon does not have light of its own, it reflects sunlight and is visible. The rest are all luminous objects, hence the Mmoon is the correct answer.