Astronomy and Cosmology

Correct; as the production is a recurring phenomenon, the use of simple present is correct.

No, an eclipse is not a celestial object. An eclipse is an astronomical event. Hence, the correct answYes, a moon is a celestial object. Hence, an incorrect answer.er.

Luminous objects are those which emit out their own light, e.g. sun, stars, tube light, bulb, etc., whereas non-luminous objects are those which shine by reflecting the light of the luminous objects. They do not emit their own light, e.g. moon, book and iron do not shine at all and are opaque objects.

Non-luminous objects are those which shine by reflecting the light of the luminous objects. They do not emit their own light, e.g. moon. So, it is the moon which is non-luminous.

White dwarf is a very small hot star, the last stage in the life cycle of a star like the Sun. White dwarfs have a mass similar to that of the Sun, but are only 1% of the Sun's diameter; approximately the diameter of the Earth. 

Yes, it is correct. Orion was an ancient Greek hunter and warrior and the constellation resembles this figure, with a club and a shield, and a sword dangling from his belt. The belt is usually the easiest part of Orion to spot, with three bright stars in a row.

This is the correct option. The sun and other stars glow due to the presence of plasma in them. Plasma is the mixture of free electrons and ions.

Oxygen tanks do not have plasma.

A meteor is a small piece of rock or debris from space that enters Earth's atmosphere and burns up due to friction, creating a bright streak of light. The term meteor specifically refers to the light phenomenon, not the object itself (which is called a meteoroid before entry and meteorite if it reaches the ground).

The Earth is one of eight planets in our solar system, and our entire solar system resides within the Milky Way Galaxy. The Milky Way is our home galaxy containing billions of stars, including our Sun.

Galaxies are the fundamental building blocks of the universe, containing billions to trillions of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter bound together by gravity. They range from dwarf galaxies with 100 million stars to massive giants with 100 trillion stars. The observable universe contains over 2 trillion galaxies. Stars (like the Sun) exist within galaxies, and meteors are tiny debris.

A supernova is the explosive death of a massive star that occurs when the star exhausts its nuclear fuel and collapses under its own gravity. This catastrophic explosion briefly outshines entire galaxies. It is not an asteroid, black hole, or comet, though black holes can form from some supernova remnants.

The pole star (Polaris) appears stationary because it aligns almost exactly with Earth's rotational axis in the northern sky. As Earth rotates, all other stars appear to move in circular paths around this fixed point. The pole star itself does not rotate with Earth or have special positional relationships with the Sun.

Sirius (Alpha Canis Majoris) is the brightest star in the night sky with an apparent magnitude of -1.46. The Sun is technically brightest but is a star, not part of the night sky stars we observe. Hyades is a star cluster, Praesepe is another star cluster (Beehive Cluster), neither being individual stars.