Aquatic and Marine Biology

Directions: Choose the most appropriate word to fill the (ii) blank.

The white shark is at the top of the (i) _____ food chain. The (ii) ___ system is different from that of other sharks. Its (iii) __ temperature is about three to five degrees Celsius above water temperature. This speeds up its (iv) _____ and adds to its strength and endurance.

Directions: Choose the most appropriate word to fill the (iv) blank.

The white shark is at the top of the (i) _____ food chain. The (ii) ___ system is different from that of other sharks. Its (iii) __ temperature is about three to five degrees Celsius above water temperature. This speeds up its (iv) _____ and adds to its strength and endurance.

Directions: Choose the most appropriate word to fill the (iii) blank.

The white shark is at the top of the (i) _____ food chain. The (ii) ___ system is different from that of other sharks. Its (iii) __ temperature is about three to five degrees Celsius above water temperature. This speeds up its (iv) _____ and adds to its strength and endurance.

Directions: Choose the most appropriate word to fill the (i) blank.

The white shark is at the top of the (i) _____ food chain. The (ii) ___ system is different from that of other sharks. Its (iii) __ temperature is about three to five degrees Celsius above water temperature. This speeds up its (iv) _____ and adds to its strength and endurance.

The word in the passage that means ‘decaying meat of dead animal' is ______.

Directions: Read the passage and answer the given question.

The great white shark is at the top of the marine food chain. In the shark family, it is the king that will eat anything, even other sharks. But as it gets older, bigger and slower, it develops a preference for seals, penguins and carrion - especially dead whales.

In locating their food, most sharks use all their senses including excellent vision. Their sense of smell is incredible and their ears are aided by pressure-sensitive cells along each side of their body. Nothing escapes this eavesdropping system, which is attuned to vibrations in the water. Sharks also have a sixth sense which enables them to detect the weak electrical fields emanating from the beating heart or the muscles of a potential prey.

The white shark's most fearsome assets are its huge head, its black eyes, and its razor-sharp, serrated teeth. The circulatory system of the white shark is different from that of most other sharks. Its blood temperature is about three to five degrees Celsius above water temperature. This speeds up digestion and adds to its strength and endurance.

It is known that the white shark spits out its wounded prey after an initial, powerful bite. Then it waits for the victim to die before eating it. Why does it use this bite-and­ spit strategy? Experts speculate that this is because of its eye. Unlike other sharks, the white shark has no eyelid like membrane to protect its eyes. Rather, it rotates them in their­ sockets when a collision is imminent. At the moment of impact, the eye is exposed, perhaps to the flaying, claws of a seal. "Therefore for the white shark a quick mortal strike and release is common behaviour.”

The public image of sharks has been greatly coloured by the novel Jaws which was turned into a popular movie. Overnight the white shark became evil incarnate. However, it is not a demon craving human flesh. The smell of blood does not drive it into a feeding frenzy as it does certain other sharks. Nevertheless it is the dangerous animal that should be treated with caution and respect.

The word in the passage that means ‘unbelievable' is _______.

Directions: Read the passage and answer the given question.

The great white shark is at the top of the marine food chain. In the shark family, it is the king that will eat anything, even other sharks. But as it gets older, bigger and slower, it develops a preference for seals, penguins and carrion - especially dead whales.

In locating their food, most sharks use all their senses including excellent vision. Their sense of smell is incredible and their ears are aided by pressure-sensitive cells along each side of their body. Nothing escapes this eavesdropping system, which is attuned to vibrations in the water. Sharks also have a sixth sense which enables them to detect the weak electrical fields emanating from the beating heart or the muscles of a potential prey.

The white shark's most fearsome assets are its huge head, its black eyes, and its razor-sharp, serrated teeth. The circulatory system of the white shark is different from that of most other sharks. Its blood temperature is about three to five degrees Celsius above water temperature. This speeds up digestion and adds to its strength and endurance.

It is known that the white shark spits out its wounded prey after an initial, powerful bite. Then it waits for the victim to die before eating it. Why does it use this bite-and­ spit strategy? Experts speculate that this is because of its eye. Unlike other sharks, the white shark has no eyelid like membrane to protect its eyes. Rather, it rotates them in their­ sockets when a collision is imminent. At the moment of impact, the eye is exposed, perhaps to the flaying, claws of a seal. "Therefore for the white shark a quick mortal strike and release is common behaviour.”

The public image of sharks has been greatly coloured by the novel Jaws which was turned into a popular movie. Overnight the white shark became evil incarnate. However, it is not a demon craving human flesh. The smell of blood does not drive it into a feeding frenzy as it does certain other sharks. Nevertheless it is the dangerous animal that should be treated with caution and respect.