Commerce Accountancy

Accounting Principles and Practice

1,227 Questions

Accounting principles and practice questions cover core concepts like assets, depreciation, financial statements, and ledger adjustments. These topics are essential for commerce students preparing for academic and competitive exams. Regular practice ensures a strong grasp of standard accounting standards and business operations.

Asset depreciationFinancial statement adjustmentsAccounting standardsSingle entry systemCapital expenditure

Accounting Principles and Practice Questions

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Depreciation increase the value of asset.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Depreciation is the process of reduction in the value of asset. Depreciation is the permanent and continuous decrease in the book value of a depreciable fixed asset due to use, effluxion of time, obsolescence, expiration of legal rights or any other cause.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

The term "__________" is used for the process of measuring and recording the exhaustion of natural resources.

  1. Depreciation

  2. Depletion

  3. Amortization

  4. Obsolescence
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Depletion is similar to  depreciation in that it is a cost recovery system for accounting and tax reporting. Depletion is the exhaustion of natural resources as a result of their removal. examples are oil, minerals, and timber etc.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Depreciation fund method is also known as _________.

  1. Annuity method

  2. Sinking fund method

  3. sum of digits method

  4. double digit method
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Under sinking fund method, depreciation charged is invested in outside securities at the end of the first year. Interest is earned during the second year and the first entry for investment of interest is made at the end of the year.  Amount of depreciation is calculated with the help of sinking fund tables and hence depreciation fund method is also known as sinking fund method.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Which of the following terms is used to describe the process of writing down the long-term investments in intangible assets?

  1. Amortisation

  2. Depreciation

  3. Depletion

  4. Dilapidation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Amortization can refer to the process of paying off debt over time in regular installments of interest and principal sufficient to repay the loan in full by its maturity date. With mortgage and auto loan payments, a higher percentage of the flat monthly payment goes toward interest early in the loan. With each subsequent payment, a greater percentage of the payment goes toward the loan's principal. 

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Leasehold property is generally depreciated by ______________.

  1. Annuity method

  2. Fixed installment method

  3. Written down value method

  4. Insurance policy method
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Annuity method is particularly applicable to those assets whose cost is heavy and life is long and fixed, e.g. leasehold property, land and building etc.


The annuity method of depreciation is also referred to as the compound interest method of depreciation.

 If the cash flow of the asset being depreciated is constant over the life of the asset, then this method is called the annuity method.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

The method of depreciation is applied consistently to provide comparability of the results of the operations of the enterprise from period to period. A change from one method of providing depreciation to another is made only ______________.

  1. If the adoption of the new method is required by statute

  2. For compliance with an accounting standard

  3. If it is considered that the change would result in a more appropriate preparation or presentation of the financial/ statements of the enterprise

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Accounting standards require consistency in depreciation methods to ensure financial comparability. A change is only permitted if it is required by law, mandated by a new accounting standard, or if the change provides a more accurate and fair representation of the financial position.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Match the followings:

List I List II
A. Amortization 1. Diminution in the life of the asset due to excessive use
B. Depreciation 2. Exhaustion of natural resources
C. Depletion 3. Expiration of tangible assets
D. Obsolescence 4. Expiration of intangible assets
5. Economic deterioration due to improved inventions
  1. $A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, D = 4$
  2. $A = 1, B = 2, C = 4, D = 5$
  3. $A = 5, B = 2, C = 3, D = 4$
  4. $A = 4, B = 3, C = 2, D = 5$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Option D is the Correct one.

1. Depreciation charged on fixed tangible assets.ex. Machinery, Furniture, etc
2. Amortization charged on fixed intangible assets. ex Goodwill copyright etc
3. Depletion charged on Exhaustion of natural resources ex. coal mines etc
4. Obsolescence is economic deterioration due to improved inventions.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

In which of the following method, the asset appears at its original cost throughout its life?

  1. Machine hour rate

  2. Straight line

  3. Depreciation fund

  4. Annity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option C is the correct one.

In the Depreciation Fund method every year, the fund invests an amount of money equal to an existing asset's depreciation allowance in gilt-edged securities, giving the company money that can be used to buy new assets.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Leasehold property is generally depreciated by ___________.

  1. Annuity method

  2. Fixed instatement method

  3. Reducing balance method

  4. Insurance policy method
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Leasehold property is often depreciated using the annuity method because it accounts for the interest cost of the capital invested in the lease over its term. This reflects the time value of money associated with the lease payment structure.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

The amount of annual instalment to depreciation funds is ______________.

  1. A charge against profits

  2. An appropriation of profits

  3. May be charge or appropriation of profits

  4. Neither a charge nor appropriation of profit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Option A is the correct one.

The annual charge to profit and loss account/income statement for depreciation(it’s charge against profit) is based upon an estimate of how much of the overall economic usefulness of a fixed asset has been used up in that accounting period.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Revaluation system of depreciation should be used:

  1. In case of big size assets

  2. In case of assets which are subject to normal wear and tear

  3. Where the asset is represented by a large number of small and diverse items of small unit cost

  4. Where the amount invested in asset is pretty large
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option C is the correct one.

Revaluation method of depreciation. The value of the asset on which depreciation charge is to be calculated is assessed both at the start and at the end of the year and any revaluation losses arising during the year are considered as the depreciation charge.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Annuity method is much suited to those assets _____________.

  1. which required considerable investment

  2. where additions are not made

  3. Both (a) and (b)

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The annuity method is ideal for assets requiring significant initial capital investment where the asset is expected to remain in use without major additions, as it treats the asset as an investment that earns a return.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Interest is debited to asset account in ______________.

  1. Insurance policy method

  2. Diminishing balance method

  3. Depletion method

  4. Annuity method
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

By using an asset, one loses not only the money spent on acquiring it but also the interest which would have been earned on the money. Therefore, depreciation should cover not only the cost of the asset but also an appropriate amount for interest. This is done in annuity method. Interest is calculated on the book value of the asset at the proper  rate and debited to asset. The amount is credited to interest account, which then goes to the credit side of the profit and loss account.

Multiple choice depreciation and causes of depreciation depreciation, provision and reserve depreciation accountancy

Under sum of years digit method, the amount of depreciation.

  1. Goes on decreasing in the coming years

  2. Goes on increasing in the counting years

  3. Remains fixed over the life of the asset

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The sum-of-the-years-digits method is an accelerated depreciation method. It applies a decreasing fraction to the depreciable base, resulting in higher depreciation charges in early years and lower charges in later years.