Indian Constitutional Law and Polity

Seven Indian states; Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh, have bicameral Legislatures, and these are called Legislative Councils (Vidhan Parishad).

General Budget is being presented at 11 a.m. on the last working day of February, i.e. about a month before the commencement of the Financial year, except in the year when General Elections to the Lok Sabha are held.

Rajya Sabha is not subject to dissolution as nearly as possible, one-third of its members retire every second year.

The Constitution provides that if for a period of sixty days, a member of either House of the Parliament is absent without permission of the House from all meetings thereof, the House may declare his seat vacant.

Finance Commission recommends the principles governing the grants-in-aid of the revenues of the states out of the Consolidated Fund of India.

The maximum strength of the House envisaged by the Constitution of India is 552 which is made up by election of up to 530 members to represent the states; up to 20 members to represent the Union Territories and not more than two members of the Anglo-Indian Community to be nominated by the President of India.

The Constitution of India has imposed the duty upon the President that he/she must summon each House at such intervals that the maximum time gap between two sessions of the Parliament is six months. So, the Parliament must meet twice a year.
 

An individual who is not a member of either House of the Parliament can be appointed a member of the Council of Ministers, but he has to become a member of either House within a period of six months.

Membership of the United Nations Security Council is held by the five permanent members and ten elected, non-permanent members.

A special provision is made for a vote-on-account by which the government obtains the vote of the Parliament for a sum sufficient to incur expenditure on various items for a part of the year.

The Chairman of Public Accounts Committee is appointed by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.

Recognition to a political party is accorded by the Election Commission.

Municipal bodies (local government institutions like municipal corporations) can be abolished by state legislatures through constitutional amendment, but they cannot be 'dissolved' in the sense of their constitutional existence being permanently eliminated. This is a nuanced constitutional distinction. Rajya Sabha (Upper House) and State Legislative Councils are permanent constitutional houses that cannot be abolished easily.

Public Accounts Committee, Estimates Committee and Committee on Public Undertakings, all are Financial Committees of the Parliament in India.

Option (3) is correct. The main duty of Public Accounts Committee is to ascertain that the money granted by the Parliament and spent by the Government is “within the scope of the demand”. For the basis of this examination, the committee appropriates the accounts of the Government of India and Audit Report presented by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India. 

The Constitution provides two members belonging to the community of Anglo-Indians for the nomination to the Lok Sabha.

The distribution of seats of the Parliament is based on 1971 census.

If a party is recognised in four or more states, it is automatically recognised as a national party by the EC.

The Chairman or any other member of the State Public Service Commission can be removed on the ground of misbehaviour by the Governor.

The representation to states in the Rajya Sabha is given on the basis of proportion to their population.

While a proclamation of emergency is in operation, this period may be extended by the Parliament by law for a period not exceeding one year at a time and not extending, in any case, beyond a period of six months after the proclamation has ceased to operate.

It is open to the Lok Sabha to accept or reject any or all of the recommendations of the Rajya Sabha with regard to a money bill.

The Governor of a State is appointed by the President on the advice of the Chief Minister.

Speaker of the Lok Sabha will decide over a dispute regarding disqualification of a member of the Parliament.

The Mayor to the Municipal Corporation is elected by all the elected representatives of the Corporation.

Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was the second President of the Indian Republic.

Uttar Pradesh has the largest percentage of reserved parliamentary seats.

The Governor holds office during the pleasure of the President.

Appointment of Speaker of the Lok Sabha is not made by the President of India.