Legal Terms and Legal Structure -3

In civil law, the phrase sui juris indicates legal competence, the capacity to manage one’s own affairs.

Modus operandi means a method of operating or functioning.

Bona fide means without intention to deceive or in good faith.

’Due Process of law’ means fair treatment through the normal judicial system. Due process of law is a constitutional guarantee that prevents governments from impacting citizens in an abusive way.

The manner in which a right is enforced or satisfied by a court when some harm or injury recognized by society as a wrongful act, is inflicted upon an individual.

Reprieve is generally an act of clemency that is extended to a prisoner in order to give him or her an opportunity to find a mean or reason for reducing the sentence imposed.

Option (2) is correct: Justiciable means that a dispute or a case which is enforceable by the law.

Judicial Murder is death caused by a court sentence held to be legal but unjust. 

Authority is the power to determine, adjudicate or otherwise settle issues or disputes; the right to control, command or determine. 

A veto is the power (used by an officer of the state, for example) to unilaterally stop an official action, especially the enactment of legislation.

A contract is an agreement enforceable by law. 
An agreement must meet certain criteria in order to be enforceable by law and qualify as contract.

Causing hurt with intention or knowledge is called voluntarily causing hurt define under section 321 of Indian penal Code.

An agreement by a minor involves a promise on his part and he is incapable of giving a promise imposing a legal obligation. Indian Contract act declares that a minor is not competent. Therefore, the agreement with the minor is void ab initio i.e void from the beginning.

When force is used to cause bodily pain, disease or infirmity to any person, it is called hurt as defined under section 319 of Indian penal Code.

Law reform or legal reform is the process of examining existing laws, and advocating and implementing changes in a legal system, usually with the aim of enhancing justice or efficiency.
The most important instrument of legal reform is legislation.
 

Under section 16 of the Advocates Act, 1961, there shall be two classes of advocates namely senior advocates and other advocates.

Consumer Protection Act 1986 (Copra) is an act of Parliament of India enacted in 1986 to protect interests of consumers in India.

Perjury also known as forswearing is the intentional act of swearing a false oath or of falsifying an affirmation to tell the truth, whether spoken or in writing, concerning matters material to an official proceeding.

The Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974.

A juvenile delinquent means a person who is below 18 and who is found to have committed a crime in states.

Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act, 1994 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to stop female foeticides and arrest the declining sex ratio in India. The act banned pre-natal sex determination.

A written document in which one person (the principal) appoints another person to act as an agent on his or her behalf, thereby conferring authority on the agent to perform certain acts or functions on behalf of the principal is called Power of Attorney.

Quash means to put an end to or destroy. 

Ransom is the practice of holding a prisoner or item to extort money or property to secure their release, or it may refer to the sum of money involved.

The term prima facie is used to describe the apparent nature of something upon initial observation.
Prima facie is a Latin expression meaning 'on its first encounter or at first sight'.