Indian Constitution - 4

Article 32 of the Indian Constitution deals with Right to constitutional remedies. It states that whenever there is a violation of fundamental rights by the Parliament or any state assembly, it can be challenged in the Supreme Court under article 32. 

The concept of five year plan was borrowed from USSR(Russia).

Sardar Vallab bhai Patel was the chairman of the minority affairs committee during the framing of the Indian Constitution.

 The President of India is simply a nonminal head of the country just like the monarch of Great Britian. But the real executive head is the Prime Minister. 

India borrowed the concept of suspension of fundamental rights during emergency from Germany.

The method of functioning of the Supreme Court of India has been borrowed from Japan.

India has borrowed the concept of appointment of the speaker in the Lok Sabha from the UK.

The concept of nomination of the members to the Rajya Sabha by the president has been borrowed from Ireland.

K.M. Munshi termed Preamble as ‘the Political Horoscope.

India has borrowed the concept of fundamental duties from Russia.

Uniform civil code is a codified law which deals with uniformity in law irrespective of religion and caste differences with respect to marriage, divorce, succession and inheritance.

Schedule 7 of the Indian Constitution deals with distribution of powers between the centre and states. 

The case of Mohammed Hanif Qureshi vs State of Bihar deals with ban on slaughtering of cows during Eid.

The Constitution (Seventy-fourth Amendment) Act, 1992 added Part IX-A of the Constitution of India related to Municipalities and the Twelfth Schedule of the Constitution containing various matters relating to functions and responsibilities to be performed by a Municipality.

In 1976(during the Emergency), Gandhi added Article 48A to the constitution stating that: The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country. The same decree transferred wildlife and forests from state list to concurrent list of the constitution, thus, giving the central government the power to overrule state decisions on that matter.

Article 49 of the constitution deals with protection of historical monuments and places and objects of national importance.

Article 330 of the Indian Constitution deals with reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the Parliament. 

Article 17 of the constitution abolishes the practice of untouchability. Practice of untouchability is an offence and anyone doing so, is punishable by law.

Article 22 of Constitution of India deals with protection against arrest and detention in certain cases. 

Part IV (Directive principles of state policy) of the Constitution of India is not enforceable by any court, but the principles laid down therein are considered fundamental in the governance of the country making it the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws to establish a just society in the country.

Article 42 of the Indian Constitution states provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.

The writ of Mandamus is issued by the Supreme Court to a public authority when it goes against the constitution or when it fails to perform a public duty. This writ is just like a wake up call given by the court to the concerned authority to perform a public duty. 

The Governor is appointed by the President and holds his office at the pleasure of the President in accordance with the Article 156.

The State shall endeavour to provide within a period of ten years from the commencement of this Constitution for free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of six years.

An enemy alien is not entitled to any rights provided to a person normally arrested. He can neither choose a lawyer of his choice nor he has any right to communicate. Also, he may be held in detention for a longer time.