Biogeographic Regions and Realms

The Neotropical realm encompasses Central and South America and is renowned for its diverse tropical forests, including the Amazon rainforest, which is the largest rainforest in the world.

The Nearctic region encompasses North America, Greenland, and parts of Mexico. It includes diverse ecosystems, such as the Great Plains, which are known for their vast grasslands.

The Neotropical realm is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity, including the highest number of endemic bird species. This region is home to a wide variety of habitats, including rainforests, savannas, and mountains.

The Afrotropical realm, which encompasses sub-Saharan Africa, is known for its unique marsupial fauna, including species such as the African golden cat and the fossa. This region also harbors a diverse range of other wildlife, including large herbivores like elephants and giraffes.

The Palearctic realm encompasses Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. It includes diverse ecosystems, ranging from temperate forests to deserts. The deserts of the Middle East and Central Asia are notable features of this realm.

The Palearctic realm is home to the giant pandas, which are found in the mountainous regions of central China. These iconic animals are known for their distinctive black and white fur and their diet of bamboo.

The Australasian realm encompasses Australia, New Zealand, and nearby islands. It is known for its unique flora and fauna, including marsupials like kangaroos and koalas, as well as monotremes such as the platypus.

The Palearctic realm encompasses Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. It includes the Mediterranean Sea and its surrounding areas, which are known for their unique climate and diverse ecosystems.

The Australasian realm is home to the Great Barrier Reef, which is the largest coral reef system in the world. This region is renowned for its exceptional marine biodiversity, including a wide variety of coral species and colorful marine life.

The Palearctic realm encompasses Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. It includes the vast tundra regions of the Arctic, which are characterized by their cold climate and unique vegetation adapted to the harsh conditions.

The Afrotropical realm encompasses sub-Saharan Africa. It is home to the unique and diverse fauna of Madagascar, including the iconic lemurs, which are found nowhere else in the world.

The Indomalayan realm encompasses Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and parts of China. It is known for its diverse rainforests, which harbor a wide variety of plant and animal species.

The Neotropical realm encompasses Central and South America and is home to the Galapagos Islands. The Galapagos Islands are renowned for their unique flora and fauna, including species such as the giant tortoises and marine iguanas.

The Palearctic realm encompasses Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. It includes the vast deserts of the Arabian Peninsula, which are known for their extreme temperatures and unique ecosystems.

The Indomalayan realm encompasses Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and parts of China. It is home to the iconic orangutans, which are found in the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra.