To answer this question, you need to understand the concept of source-route bridging and its associated environments.

Source-route bridging is a networking technique that involves the use of predetermined routes (or paths) for data packets to travel from the source node to the destination node. These routes are determined and specified by the source node itself.

Now, let's go through each option to understand which environment primarily uses source-route bridging:

Option A) Token Ring - This option is correct because source-route bridging is primarily used in Token Ring environments. Token Ring is a networking standard that uses a token-passing mechanism to control access to the network. In Token Ring networks, source-route bridging is used to determine the path that data packets will take through the network.

Option B) Ethernet - This option is incorrect because source-route bridging is not commonly used in Ethernet environments. Ethernet networks typically use the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) or other routing protocols to determine the best path for data packets.

Option C) Switched Circuit - This option is incorrect because source-route bridging is not commonly used in switched circuit environments. Switched circuit networks are typically used for dedicated connections, and the routing of data packets is usually determined by the switches in the network.

Option D) None of the above - This option is incorrect because source-route bridging does occur in Token Ring environments, as mentioned earlier.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option A) Token Ring. This option is correct because source-route bridging occurs primarily in Token Ring environments.

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To answer this question, we need to understand the concept of metrics in routing protocols.

Option A) A metric is the administrative distance of a routing protocol - This option is incorrect. The administrative distance is a concept used in routing to determine the preferability of routes from different routing protocols. It is not the same as a metric, which is a value used to measure the desirability of a route.

Option B) A metric is a measure of trustworthiness and availability of a route - This option is correct. In routing protocols, a metric is a value assigned to a route to represent its desirability. It can be based on various factors such as bandwidth, delay, reliability, or cost. A lower metric typically indicates a more preferred route.

Option C) Both of the above - This option is incorrect. Option A is incorrect, as explained above.

Option D) None of the above - This option is incorrect. Option B is correct, as explained above.

The correct answer is B. This option is correct because a metric in routing protocols is a measure of trustworthiness and availability of a route.

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To answer this question, we need to understand the process of address learning in a switch.

Address learning is the process by which a switch learns and associates MAC addresses with specific ports. When a switch receives a frame, it examines the source MAC address of the frame and associates it with the port from which the frame was received. This allows the switch to build a MAC address table, also known as a forwarding table or content-addressable memory (CAM) table.

Now, let's evaluate the given statement:

The process of address learning will happen in a switch only after the initial flooding of frames.

Option A) True - This option is correct. When a switch initially receives a frame, it does not know the location of the destination MAC address. Therefore, it floods the frame out of all ports, except the one it was received on. This flooding allows the switch to learn the source MAC addresses and associate them with the respective ports. After this initial flooding, the switch can perform address learning and update its MAC address table.

Option B) False - This option is incorrect. The address learning process in a switch occurs after the initial flooding of frames.

Therefore, the correct answer is A) True. This option is correct because the address learning process in a switch occurs only after the initial flooding of frames.

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