Why Do We Fall Ill

Athlete's foot (colloquially known as ringworm of the foot, is a common and contagious fungal infection of the skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itching of the affected areas.

Diseases are classified as chronic or acute depending upon their duration. For eg.,  an acute disease is a short-lived disease, like the common cold. A chronic disease is one that lasts for a long time, usually at least six months. Thus, this is the correct option.

All these are caused by viruses. Common cold, influenza and dengue are viral diseases. Thus, this option is correct.

Sleeping sickness in caused by trypanosoma.

This is the correct answer.

Transmission of cholera occurs primarily by drinking water or eating food that has been contaminated by the feces (waste product) of an infected person, including one with no apparent symptoms.

Antibiotic penicillin blocks biochemical pathways important for bacteria. This inhibits the growth of bacteria or kills it.

Immunisation against many communicable diseases can reduce the chances of falling ill.

A pathogen is used to mean an infectious agent. They are both caused by pathogens or microbes. 

Epidemics are outbreak diseases that attack many people at the same time and spread very quickly.

Japanese encephalitis virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito.

Organisms that carry microbes from a sick person to a healthy person are called vectors.

Syphilis and gonorrhoea are sexually transmitted diseases.

Avoiding accumulation of garbage and stagnant water, taking care of personal hygiene and use of spray to kill mosquitoes will help in keeping down the incidence of diseases occurring frequently. Thus, this is the correct answer.

This is matched correctly. Jaundice affects the liver. Typhoid affects the gut lining. Tuberclosis affects the lungs.