Pollution Activism: The Role of International Cooperation

The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the main international agreement covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes.

The Stockholm Convention is an international treaty that aims to eliminate or restrict the production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the primary international treaty that sets the framework for global efforts to combat climate change.

The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal aims to reduce the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes and to ensure their environmentally sound management.

The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.

The Paris Agreement's main goal is to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is the leading global environmental authority that sets the global environmental agenda, promotes the sustainable development of nations, and encourages international cooperation on environmental issues.

The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade aims to promote shared responsibility in the international trade of certain hazardous chemicals.

Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention, also known as the Sulfur Oxides (SOx) Regulation, aims to reduce air pollution caused by ships by limiting the sulfur content in their fuel.

The Minamata Convention on Mercury is an international treaty that aims to protect human health and the environment from the adverse effects of mercury.

The Euro 6 Emission Standards are a set of regulations that aim to reduce air pollution from vehicles by setting limits on the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and particulate matter.

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety is an international agreement that aims to ensure the safe handling, transport, and use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is the primary international treaty that aims to conserve biodiversity and ensure the sustainable use of its components.

The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer is the framework agreement for the protection of the ozone layer.

Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention, also known as the Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Regulation, aims to reduce air pollution caused by ships by limiting the emission of nitrogen oxides.