Inorganic Chemistry Test

Hydrazine N₂H₄ is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour. Hydrazine is highly toxic and dangerously unstable. It is mainly used as a foaming agent in preparing polymer foams. It also acts as a precursor to polymerization catalysts and pharmaceuticals.

Nitrogen trifluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula NF₃. This nitrogen-fluorine compound is a colourless, toxic, odourless, nonflammable gas. It is used in the plasma etching of silicon wafers.

Dinitrogen tetroxide is the chemical compound N₂O₄. It is a powerful oxidizer, highly toxic and corrosive. N₂O₄ is hypergolic with various forms of hydrazine, i.e., they burn on contact without a separate ignition source, making them popular bipropellant rocket fuels.

Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate [NH₄]₂MoS₄ is bright red ammonium salt, an important reagent in the chemistry of molybdenum and has been used as a building block in bioinorganic chemistry. It was first used therapeutically in the treatment of copper toxicosis in animals. It is also used in the treatment of Wilson's disease.

Ammonium acetate is a chemical compound with the formula CH₃COONH₄ (or C₂H₄O₂.NH₃ or C₂H₇NO₂). It is a white solid, which can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. It is used as a biodegradable de-icing agent.

Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH₄Cl. It is a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. It is used to produce low temperatures in cooling baths.

Ammonium bituminosulphonate is a product of natural origin obtained in the first step by dry distillation of sulphur-rich oil shale. It is used in medicine as a remedy for treating some skin diseases, such as acne, eczema and psoriasis.

Ammonium carbonate (NH₄)₂CO₃ is a commercial salt & used when crushed as a smelling salt. It can be crushed when needed in order to revive someone who has fainted. It is also known as baker's ammonia and was a predecessor to the more modern leavening agents like baking soda and baking powder.

Ammonium ferric citrate is a food additive used as an acidity regulator. It is a green or reddish-brown powder which is very soluble in water. The molecular formula of ammonium iron(III) citrate is variable. It can be prepared by adding Fe(OH)₂ to an aqueous solution of citric acid and ammonia.

Ammonium dichromate is an inorganic compound with the formula (NH₄)2Cr₂O₇. It is a salt consisting of ammonium ions and dichromate ions. It has been used in pyrotechnics and in the early days of photography as well as in lithography, as a source of pure nitrogen in the laboratory, and as a catalyst.

Sulphur monoxide is an inorganic compound with formula SO. It is only found as a dilute gas phase. When concentrated or condensed, it converts to S₂O₂. It has been detected around Io, one of Jupiter's moons, both in atmosphere and in plasma torus.

Ammonium metavanadate, NH₄VO₃, is a yellow crystalline solid which is water soluble inorganic acid that acts as insulin mimic. It functions as a catalyst to certain reactions and is known to have toxic effects in certain species. It has been found in slag and fly ash produced from coal burning.

Dithionic acid, H₂S₂O₆, is a chemical compound known only in solution. It is dibasic and salts called dithionates are known. No acid salts have been discovered. All dithionates are readily soluble in water. They are mild oxidizing and mild reducing agents.

Chlorosulphuric acid (HSO₃Cl) is a distillable, colourless liquid that should be handled with care. It is a hygroscopic and a powerful lachrymator. It is used to prepare sulphonic acids, which are useful in detergents and as chemical intermediates.

Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water, that is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. It is found naturally in gastric juice.

Sulphurous acid is the chemical compound with the formula H₂SO₃. It is used as reducing agents and as disinfectants.They are also mild bleaches, and are used for materials which may be damaged by chlorine-containing bleaches.

Tellurium dioxide is highly insoluble in water and soluble in concentrated sulphuric acid. It is also incompatible with strong acids and strong oxidizing agents. It is an amphoteric. It is used as an acousto-optic material.

Selenium disulphide has a composition that approximates to SeS₂ and is sometimes called selenium sulphide. However, as used in proprietary formulations, it is not a pure chemical compound but is a mixture where the overall Se:S ratio is 1:2.  It can cause discolouration of the hair and alter the colour of hair dyes. It may also discolour metallic jewellery.

Cadmium zinc telluride, (CdZnTe) is an alloy of cadmium telluride and zinc telluride. A direct bandgap semiconductor, is used in a variety of applications, including radiation detectors, photorefractive gratings, electro-optic modulators, solar cells, and terahertz generation and detection.

Selenium hexasulphide is a chemical compound with formula Se₂S₆. Its molecular structure consists of a ring of two selenium and six sulphur atoms, analogous to the S₈ allotrope of sulphur (cyclooctasulphur) and other selenium sulphides with formula Se_nS_8-n.

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is a crystalline compound formed from cadmium and tellurium. It is used as an infrared optical window and a solar cell material. It is usually sandwiched with cadmium sulphide to form a p-n junction photovoltaic solar cell. Typically, CdTe cells use a n-i-p structure.

Mercury zinc telluride (HgZnTe, MZT) is a telluride of mercury and zinc, an alloy of mercury telluride and zinc telluride. It is a narrow-gap semiconductor material. Mercury zinc telluride is used in infrared detectors and arrays for infrared imaging and infrared astronomy.

Dimethyl telluride is an organotelluride compound, formula (CH₃)₂Te, also known by the abbreviation DMTe. Dimethyl telluride as a product of microbial metabolism was first discovered in 1939. Dimethyl telluride is produced by some fungi and bacteria (Penicillium brevicaule, P. chrysogenum, and P. notatum and the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens).

Germanium telluride (GeTe) is a chemical compound of germanium and tellurium and is a component of chalcogenide glasses. It shows semimetallic conduction and ferroelectric behaviour.

Ethylammonium nitrate or ethylamine nitrate(EAN) is a salt with formula C₂H₈N₂O₃ or(C₂H₅)NH₃⁺·NO₃⁻. It is an odourless and colourless to slightly yellowish liquid. It is used as an electrically conductive solvent in electrochemistry and as a protein crystallization agent. It has a positive effect on the refolding of denaturated lysozyme, with the refolding yield of about 90%.