Heart Anatomy and Physiology

The left ventricle is the largest chamber of the heart and is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body.

There are four valves in the heart: the tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, mitral valve, and aortic valve.

The mitral valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium during ventricular contraction.

The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

Diastole is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle relaxes and fills with blood.

The sinoatrial node (SA Node) is responsible for initiating the electrical impulse that causes the heart to contract.

Arrhythmia is the term for the abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid, irregular heartbeats.

Cardiomyopathy is a condition in which the heart muscle becomes enlarged and weakened.

Heart failure is the condition in which the heart fails to pump blood effectively.

High blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking are all common risk factors for heart disease.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the surgical procedure in which a blocked coronary artery is bypassed with a graft.

Pacemaker implantation is the procedure in which a device is implanted in the heart to regulate its rhythm.

Heart attack is the condition in which the heart muscle is deprived of oxygen.

Chest pain is a common symptom of a heart attack.

Cardiac arrest is the condition in which the heart stops beating.