Structure and Functions of Cell

It stains regions having constitutive heterochromatin. Q-banding shows AT rich regions.

Glyoxysomes are microbodies found in seeds and possess enzymes capable of mobilising lipids, converting them into sugars to supply energy needed during germination. Hence, they are found in castor endosperm.

Karyochoresis is that type of mitosis in which the nuclear membrane (karyotheca) does not disappear, but it persists throughout the cell division and it can be seen even at the telophase. During karyochoresis, the spindle formation is internal. After telophase, the parent nucleus undergoes centripetal constriction and divides into two daughter nuclei.

Spindles are formed during metaphase of M phase. These spindles are made of tubulin dimers. Cochicine disrupts tubulin dimers and cell cycle gets arrested. Thus, this option is the correct.

A cell can survive independently but not its organelles.

Nucleotides of DNA were first discovered by Oswarld Avery.

Saponins is a class of chemical compounds, one of many secondary metabolites found in natural sources with saponins found in particular abundance in various plant species. Specifically, these are amphipathic glycosides grouped phenomenologically by the soap-like foaming they produce when shaken in aqueous solutions.

In transamination, transfer of an amino group by transaminase from an amino acid takes place, producing keto acid.

Ergosterol is a biological precursor (a provitamin) to vitamin D₂. It is turned into viosterol by ultraviolet light and is then converted into ergocalciferol which is a form of vitamin D. It does not occur in plants or animal cells, but it is a component of yeast and fungal cell membranes serving the same function that cholesterol serves in animal cells.

All these changes occur in G₂ phase and halts to complete this process.