International Climate Change Law

The UNFCCC, adopted in 1992, is the foundational international agreement that sets the framework for global efforts to address climate change.

The Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.

CBDR-RC recognizes that all countries have a responsibility to address climate change, but acknowledges that their capabilities and contributions may differ.

Emission trading allows countries to buy and sell emission allowances, enabling them to meet their targets in a cost-effective manner.

The UNFCCC Secretariat serves as the central coordinating body for international climate change negotiations and implementation.

Mitigation refers to actions taken to reduce the emission or enhance the removal of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.

The Montreal Protocol is an international agreement that aims to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.

Adaptation refers to actions taken to adjust to the effects of climate change, such as building sea walls to protect coastal communities from rising sea levels.

NDCs are national climate plans that outline each country's intended actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change.

Resilience refers to the ability of a system to withstand and recover from the effects of climate change, such as extreme weather events or sea-level rise.

The GCF was established under the Paris Agreement to provide financial support to developing countries for climate change mitigation and adaptation projects.

Climate governance refers to the processes, institutions, and policies that are used to address climate change at the national and international levels.

The Paris Agreement introduced the concept of L&D to address the impacts of climate change that cannot be avoided or adapted to, particularly in vulnerable developing countries.

Climate finance refers to the financial resources provided by developed countries to developing countries to support climate change mitigation and adaptation projects.

The Technology Mechanism was established under the Paris Agreement to facilitate the development and transfer of climate-friendly technologies between countries.