Online test 2 - Web Technologies

The World Wide Web architecture follows a client-server model where web browsers (clients) request resources from web servers (servers) using HTTP protocol.

The maxlength attribute in HTML form controls limits the number of characters a user can enter into a text box. Max-length directly specifies this character limit, while size controls the visible width and len is not a valid HTML attribute.

XML (Extensible Markup Language) was designed as a simpler subset of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language). While SGML is complex and powerful, XML retains the markup capabilities but with stricter, simpler rules that make it easier to use and process.

In CGI programming, PATH_INFO is the extra path information that follows the script name in a URL. For example, in '/cgi-bin/script.py/extra/path', the '/extra/path' portion is the PATH_INFO data available to the CGI program.

In the Document Object Model (DOM), NodeList, Element, and NamedNodeMap are all interfaces - abstract specifications that define the structure and behavior of objects. They are not specific objects themselves, but rather types that objects implement.

The CAPTION tag is used within a TABLE structure to provide a title or description for the table. While TD, TR, and TH are structural elements for table data, rows, and headers, CAPTION specifically serves as a descriptive label for the entire table.

XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) is used to transform XML documents into other formats like HTML, plain text, or different XML structures. The 'extensible' refers to being part of the extensible stylesheet language family, and its primary use is formatting and transforming XML content.

A well-formed XML or SGML document can have exactly one Document Type Definition (DTD) declaration. The DTD defines the structure, elements, and attributes allowed in the document, and a document references only one DTD for validation.

The base tag specifies the base URL for all relative URLs in a document. It must be placed in the head section because it affects URL resolution throughout the entire document and must be established before any relative URLs are encountered in the body.

Character entities in HTML and XML follow the structure &name; or &#number; - they always start with an ampersand, contain an entity name or #number, and end with a semicolon. A colon is not part of the character entity syntax.

The deprecated dir (directory list) tag was historically specified to contain only short directory items, limited to 24 characters or less per item. This restriction was part of the original HTML specification for multi-column directory displays, though the tag is now obsolete.

HTML is indeed the standard markup language of the World Wide Web, making option C's claim that 'it is not the standard language of WWW' a false statement. Since the question asks what is NOT true about HTML, the false statement (C) is the correct answer. Options A, B, and D describe true facts about HTML.

HTML files require a .html or .htm extension to be properly recognized by browsers and operating systems. Option B's claim that they 'may or may not' have this extension is false, making it the correct answer to 'what is not true'. Options A and C describe true facts about HTML files being plain text files created with text editors.