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Deductive Arguments

This quiz will test your understanding of deductive arguments, a type of logical argument in which the conclusion is guaranteed to be true if the premises are true.

15 Questions Published
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Questions

Question 1 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is a valid deductive argument?

  1. All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
  2. All dogs are mammals. Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido is a mammal.
  3. All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Therefore, penguins can fly.
  4. All roses are red. This flower is red. Therefore, this flower is a rose.
Question 2 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is an example of a deductive argument?

  1. The sky is blue. Therefore, the grass is green.
  2. All dogs are mammals. Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido is a mammal.
  3. I am feeling tired. Therefore, I should go to bed.
  4. The sun is shining. Therefore, it is daytime.
Question 3 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the difference between a deductive argument and an inductive argument?

  1. A deductive argument is based on evidence, while an inductive argument is based on logic.
  2. A deductive argument is guaranteed to be true if the premises are true, while an inductive argument is not.
  3. A deductive argument is based on a single premise, while an inductive argument is based on multiple premises.
  4. A deductive argument is used to prove a general statement, while an inductive argument is used to prove a specific statement.
Question 4 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is an example of an inductive argument?

  1. All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
  2. All dogs are mammals. Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido is a mammal.
  3. I have seen the sun rise every day for the past year. Therefore, the sun will rise tomorrow.
  4. I have flipped a coin 10 times and it has landed on heads each time. Therefore, the next time I flip the coin, it will land on heads.
Question 5 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the fallacy of affirming the consequent?

  1. Assuming that the conclusion of an argument is true and then using that assumption to prove the premises.
  2. Assuming that the premises of an argument are true and then using that assumption to prove the conclusion.
  3. Assuming that one premise of an argument is true and then using that assumption to prove the other premise.
  4. Assuming that the opposite of the conclusion of an argument is true and then using that assumption to prove the premises.
Question 6 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is an example of the fallacy of affirming the consequent?

  1. If it is raining, then the streets are wet. The streets are wet. Therefore, it is raining.
  2. If I study hard, then I will get a good grade. I got a good grade. Therefore, I must have studied hard.
  3. If I eat chocolate, then I will get a headache. I have a headache. Therefore, I must have eaten chocolate.
  4. If I go to the beach, then I will see the ocean. I saw the ocean. Therefore, I must have gone to the beach.
Question 7 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the fallacy of denying the antecedent?

  1. Assuming that the conclusion of an argument is false and then using that assumption to prove the premises.
  2. Assuming that the premises of an argument are false and then using that assumption to prove the conclusion.
  3. Assuming that one premise of an argument is false and then using that assumption to prove the other premise.
  4. Assuming that the opposite of the conclusion of an argument is false and then using that assumption to prove the premises.
Question 8 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is an example of the fallacy of denying the antecedent?

  1. If it is raining, then the streets are wet. It is not raining. Therefore, the streets are not wet.
  2. If I study hard, then I will get a good grade. I did not study hard. Therefore, I will not get a good grade.
  3. If I eat chocolate, then I will get a headache. I did not eat chocolate. Therefore, I will not get a headache.
  4. If I go to the beach, then I will see the ocean. I did not go to the beach. Therefore, I will not see the ocean.
Question 9 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the difference between a valid argument and a sound argument?

  1. A valid argument is based on logic, while a sound argument is based on evidence.
  2. A valid argument is guaranteed to be true if the premises are true, while a sound argument is not.
  3. A valid argument is based on a single premise, while a sound argument is based on multiple premises.
  4. A valid argument is used to prove a general statement, while a sound argument is used to prove a specific statement.
Question 10 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is an example of a sound argument?

  1. All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
  2. All dogs are mammals. Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido is a mammal.
  3. I have seen the sun rise every day for the past year. Therefore, the sun will rise tomorrow.
  4. I have flipped a coin 10 times and it has landed on heads each time. Therefore, the next time I flip the coin, it will land on heads.
Question 11 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is an example of an unsound argument?

  1. All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
  2. All dogs are mammals. Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido is a mammal.
  3. I have seen the sun rise every day for the past year. Therefore, the sun will rise tomorrow.
  4. I have flipped a coin 10 times and it has landed on heads each time. Therefore, the next time I flip the coin, it will land on heads.
Question 12 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the difference between a deductive argument and an inductive argument?

  1. A deductive argument is based on logic, while an inductive argument is based on evidence.
  2. A deductive argument is guaranteed to be true if the premises are true, while an inductive argument is not.
  3. A deductive argument is based on a single premise, while an inductive argument is based on multiple premises.
  4. A deductive argument is used to prove a general statement, while an inductive argument is used to prove a specific statement.
Question 13 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is an example of an inductive argument?

  1. All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
  2. All dogs are mammals. Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido is a mammal.
  3. I have seen the sun rise every day for the past year. Therefore, the sun will rise tomorrow.
  4. I have flipped a coin 10 times and it has landed on heads each time. Therefore, the next time I flip the coin, it will land on heads.
Question 14 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the fallacy of affirming the consequent?

  1. Assuming that the conclusion of an argument is true and then using that assumption to prove the premises.
  2. Assuming that the premises of an argument are true and then using that assumption to prove the conclusion.
  3. Assuming that one premise of an argument is true and then using that assumption to prove the other premise.
  4. Assuming that the opposite of the conclusion of an argument is true and then using that assumption to prove the premises.
Question 15 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is an example of the fallacy of affirming the consequent?

  1. If it is raining, then the streets are wet. The streets are wet. Therefore, it is raining.
  2. If I study hard, then I will get a good grade. I got a good grade. Therefore, I must have studied hard.
  3. If I eat chocolate, then I will get a headache. I have a headache. Therefore, I must have eaten chocolate.
  4. If I go to the beach, then I will see the ocean. I saw the ocean. Therefore, I must have gone to the beach.
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