Carbohydrates: The Energy Source of Life - Investigating Their Structure and Metabolism

Proteins are not carbohydrates. They are made up of amino acids, not sugars.

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrate. They cannot be broken down into smaller carbohydrates.

Glucose is a monosaccharide. It is the most common sugar in the body and is the body's main source of energy.

Sucrose is a disaccharide. It is made up of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose.

Starch is a polysaccharide. It is made up of many molecules of glucose.

Carbohydrates have a variety of functions in the body, including providing energy, building and repairing tissues, and regulating the immune system.

Glycolysis is the process by which carbohydrates are broken down into glucose. It occurs in the cytoplasm of cells.

The Krebs cycle is the process by which glucose is converted into energy. It occurs in the mitochondria of cells.

Glycogenesis is the process by which glucose is stored in the liver and muscles. It occurs when blood sugar levels are high.

Glycogenolysis is the process by which glucose is released from the liver and muscles. It occurs when blood sugar levels are low.

Insulin is the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. It is produced by the pancreas.

Hyperglycemia is the condition that occurs when blood sugar levels are too high.

Hypoglycemia is the condition that occurs when blood sugar levels are too low.

Ketosis is the condition that occurs when the body cannot use glucose for energy. It occurs when blood sugar levels are very low.

The best way to prevent diabetes is to eat a healthy diet, get regular exercise, and maintain a healthy weight.