Mathematical Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics is the study of the movement of drugs through the body, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

Pharmacodynamics is the study of the effects of drugs on living organisms, including their mechanisms of action and their effects on physiological and biochemical processes.

Toxicology is the study of the toxicity of drugs and other chemicals, including their effects on living organisms and the environment.

Pharmaceutics is the study of the formulation, manufacture, and quality control of drugs, including the design of drug delivery systems and the evaluation of drug stability.

Absorption is the process by which a drug enters the body, typically through the skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract.

Distribution is the process by which a drug is distributed throughout the body, typically through the bloodstream.

Metabolism is the process by which a drug is broken down into smaller molecules, typically in the liver.

Excretion is the process by which a drug is removed from the body, typically through the kidneys or liver.

Peak concentration is the maximum concentration of a drug in the blood plasma after administration.

Trough concentration is the minimum concentration of a drug in the blood plasma at the end of a dosing interval.

Steady-state concentration is the concentration of a drug in the blood plasma when the rate of administration is equal to the rate of elimination.

Half-life is the time it takes for the concentration of a drug in the blood plasma to decrease by half.

Dose-response relationship is the relationship between the dose of a drug and its effect.

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship is the relationship between the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a drug.

Therapeutic index is the range of doses of a drug that is safe and effective.

Safety margin is the margin of safety between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose of a drug.