Scales: Major and Minor

In a major scale, the interval between the tonic and the mediant is a major third.

The leading tone in a major scale is the seventh note, which is a semitone below the tonic.

In a minor scale, the interval between the tonic and the subdominant is a minor third.

The raised seventh in a harmonic minor scale is the seventh note, which is raised by a semitone compared to the natural minor scale.

In a melodic minor scale ascending, the interval between the tonic and the supertonic is a major second.

In a Dorian mode, the third note is lowered by a semitone compared to the major scale.

In a Phrygian mode, the interval between the tonic and the mediant is a minor third.

In a Lydian mode, the fourth note is raised by a semitone compared to the major scale.

In a Mixolydian mode, the interval between the tonic and the subdominant is a major third.

In an Aeolian mode, the third note is lowered by a semitone compared to the major scale.

In a Locrian mode, the interval between the tonic and the supertonic is a minor second.

In a Hungarian minor scale, the second note is raised by a semitone compared to the natural minor scale.

In a Spanish Phrygian scale, the interval between the tonic and the mediant is a minor third.

In a Neapolitan minor scale, the second note is lowered by a semitone compared to the natural minor scale.

In a Harmonic major scale, the interval between the tonic and the subdominant is a perfect fourth.