The Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court was established in 1789 as part of the Judiciary Act of 1789, which was signed into law by President George Washington.

John Jay was the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, serving from 1789 to 1795.

There are currently nine justices serving on the Supreme Court, including the Chief Justice.

The Supreme Court's primary role is to interpret the Constitution and to ensure that laws are in accordance with it.

In Marbury v. Madison (1803), the Supreme Court established the principle of judicial review, which allows it to declare laws unconstitutional.

John Marshall served as Chief Justice from 1801 to 1835, making him the longest-serving Chief Justice in history.

Roe v. Wade (1973) was the landmark case in which the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution protects a woman's right to have an abortion.

In Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (2022), the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, effectively ending the federal right to abortion.

In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court ruled that "separate but equal" facilities for African Americans were constitutional.

In Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine.

In Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), the Supreme Court ruled that same-sex couples have the right to marry, legalizing same-sex marriage nationwide.

In Reynolds v. Sims (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that state legislative districts must be drawn to ensure that each person's vote has equal weight.

In Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena (1995), the Supreme Court ruled that laws that discriminate on the basis of race must be subjected to strict scrutiny, meaning that they must be necessary to achieve a compelling government interest.

In Miranda v. Arizona (1966), the Supreme Court ruled that criminal suspects must be informed of their rights before they can be questioned by the police.

In Ex parte Milligan (1866), the Supreme Court ruled that the writ of habeas corpus cannot be suspended during peacetime.