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Individual Criminal Responsibility

This quiz covers the topic of Individual Criminal Responsibility in International Criminal Law. It explores the concept of individual liability for international crimes, the elements of individual criminal responsibility, and the defenses that may be raised by individuals accused of international crimes.

14 Questions Published
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Questions

Question 1 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is NOT an element of individual criminal responsibility under international law?

  1. Actus reus
  2. Mens rea
  3. Causation
  4. Legality
Question 2 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of nullum crimen sine lege?

  1. No crime without a law
  2. No punishment without a law
  3. No law without a crime
  4. No punishment without a crime
Question 3 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

Which of the following is NOT a defense that may be raised by individuals accused of international crimes?

  1. Self-defense
  2. Necessity
  3. Superior orders
  4. Duress
Question 4 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of actus reus?

  1. The physical act or omission that constitutes the crime
  2. The mental state or intent required for the crime
  3. The causal link between the actus reus and the resulting harm
  4. The principle that individuals cannot be punished for acts that were not criminalized at the time they were committed
Question 5 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of mens rea?

  1. The physical act or omission that constitutes the crime
  2. The mental state or intent required for the crime
  3. The causal link between the actus reus and the resulting harm
  4. The principle that individuals cannot be punished for acts that were not criminalized at the time they were committed
Question 6 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of causation?

  1. The physical act or omission that constitutes the crime
  2. The mental state or intent required for the crime
  3. The causal link between the actus reus and the resulting harm
  4. The principle that individuals cannot be punished for acts that were not criminalized at the time they were committed
Question 7 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the defense of self-defense?

  1. The use of force to defend oneself or others from an imminent threat of harm
  2. The use of force to prevent a greater harm from occurring
  3. The use of force to obey a lawful order
  4. The use of force to protect property
Question 8 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the defense of necessity?

  1. The use of force to defend oneself or others from an imminent threat of harm
  2. The use of force to prevent a greater harm from occurring
  3. The use of force to obey a lawful order
  4. The use of force to protect property
Question 9 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the defense of duress?

  1. The use of force to defend oneself or others from an imminent threat of harm
  2. The use of force to prevent a greater harm from occurring
  3. The use of force to obey a lawful order
  4. The use of force to protect property
Question 10 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of command responsibility?

  1. The principle that individuals in positions of command are responsible for the crimes committed by their subordinates
  2. The principle that individuals are responsible for the crimes they commit even if they were acting under the orders of a superior
  3. The principle that individuals are not responsible for the crimes they commit if they were acting under the orders of a superior
  4. The principle that individuals are responsible for the crimes they commit even if they were acting in self-defense
Question 11 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of joint criminal enterprise?

  1. The principle that individuals who participate in a joint criminal enterprise are responsible for the crimes committed by other members of the enterprise
  2. The principle that individuals are responsible for the crimes they commit even if they were acting under the orders of a superior
  3. The principle that individuals are not responsible for the crimes they commit if they were acting under the orders of a superior
  4. The principle that individuals are responsible for the crimes they commit even if they were acting in self-defense
Question 12 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of universal jurisdiction?

  1. The principle that individuals can be tried for international crimes in any country, regardless of where the crimes were committed
  2. The principle that individuals can only be tried for international crimes in the country where the crimes were committed
  3. The principle that individuals can only be tried for international crimes in the country of their nationality
  4. The principle that individuals can only be tried for international crimes in the country where they were arrested
Question 13 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of complementarity?

  1. The principle that the International Criminal Court (ICC) can only exercise jurisdiction over crimes if the national courts are unwilling or unable to do so
  2. The principle that the ICC can only exercise jurisdiction over crimes if the national courts have already tried and convicted the accused
  3. The principle that the ICC can only exercise jurisdiction over crimes if the national courts have already tried and acquitted the accused
  4. The principle that the ICC can only exercise jurisdiction over crimes if the national courts have already refused to exercise jurisdiction
Question 14 Multiple Choice (Single Answer)

What is the principle of non-retroactivity?

  1. The principle that individuals cannot be punished for acts that were not criminalized at the time they were committed
  2. The principle that individuals can be punished for acts that were criminalized after they were committed
  3. The principle that individuals can be punished for acts that were criminalized at the time they were committed, even if the law has since been changed
  4. The principle that individuals can be punished for acts that were criminalized at the time they were committed, but only if the law has not been changed since then
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