Geologic Materials

Feldspar is the most common mineral in the Earth's crust, comprising approximately 60% of its volume.

Igneous rocks are formed when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and solidifies.

Weathering is the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller particles by physical, chemical, and biological agents.

Sedimentary rocks are formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments, such as sand, mud, and organic matter.

Metamorphism is the process by which rocks are changed in composition and texture due to heat, pressure, and chemical reactions.

Diamond is known for its cleavage and is commonly used in jewelry due to its exceptional hardness and brilliance.

Phaneritic rocks are characterized by large, interlocking crystals that are visible to the naked eye.

Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava, whether it occurs above or below the Earth's surface.

Erosion is the process by which sediments are transported from one location to another by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

Corundum is known for its hardness and is commonly used in industrial applications, such as abrasives and cutting tools.

Aphanitic rocks are characterized by small, interlocking crystals that are not visible to the naked eye.

Sedimentary rocks can be formed from the accumulation and compaction of organic matter, such as plant and animal remains.

Hydrolysis is the process by which rocks are broken down and dissolved by chemical reactions with water.

Mica is known for its cleavage and is commonly used in construction, such as roofing and insulation.

Extrusive rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of lava on the Earth's surface.