Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)

ISRO was established on August 15, 1969, by the Government of India.

Vikram Sarabhai, known as the 'Father of the Indian Space Programme', was the first Chairman of ISRO from 1969 to 1972.

Aryabhata, named after the renowned Indian mathematician and astronomer, was the first Indian satellite launched by ISRO on April 19, 1975.

Mangalyaan, also known as the Mars Orbiter Mission, was India's first interplanetary mission that successfully reached Mars in September 2014.

GSLV Mk-III, also known as the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III, is ISRO's heavy-lift launch vehicle capable of launching satellites into geostationary orbit.

Chandrayaan-2, launched in 2019, was ISRO's second lunar mission that successfully demonstrated the ability to soft-land on the Moon's surface.

NavIC, short for Navigation with Indian Constellation, is ISRO's regional satellite navigation system that provides accurate positioning services over India and its neighboring regions.

Aditya-L1, launched in 2023, is ISRO's first mission dedicated to studying the Sun and its corona.

RLV-TD, short for Reusable Launch Vehicle - Technology Demonstrator, is ISRO's reusable launch vehicle that aims to reduce the cost of space missions.

Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission, a joint mission between ISRO and NASA, was launched in 2015 to study the Earth's magnetosphere and its interaction with the solar wind.

Gaganyaan is ISRO's upcoming human spaceflight mission that aims to send three Indian astronauts into space by 2023.

Exosat, launched in 2021, is ISRO's first mission to study the outer planets of our solar system, including Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

Megha-Tropiques, a joint mission between ISRO and the French Space Agency (CNES), was launched in 2011 to study the Earth's atmosphere, particularly the tropical regions.

SARAL, short for Satellite with ARgos and ALtiKa, was launched in 2013 to study the Earth's oceans, including sea-surface height, sea-surface temperature, and ocean currents.