To determine which test inputs would be selected using EQP, let's go through each option and calculate the postal rates for each weight:

Option A) 8, 42, 82, 102

• For 8 grams: The postal rate is 25p.
• For 42 grams: 35p + 10p = 45p.
• For 82 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 65p.
• For 102 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 85p.

Option B) 4, 15, 65, 92, 159

• For 4 grams: The postal rate is 25p.
• For 15 grams: The postal rate is 35p.
• For 65 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 75p.
• For 92 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 95p.
• For 159 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 155p.

Option C) 10, 50, 75, 100

• For 10 grams: The postal rate is 25p.
• For 50 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p = 55p.
• For 75 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 75p.
• For 100 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 95p.

Option D) 5, 20, 40, 60, 80

• For 5 grams: The postal rate is 25p.
• For 20 grams: 35p.
• For 40 grams: 35p + 10p = 45p.
• For 60 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 65p.
• For 80 grams: 35p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p + 10p = 85p.

Based on the given postal rates, the test inputs that would be selected using EQP are:

• Option A: 8, 42, 82, 102
• Option B: 4, 15, 65, 92, 159
• Option C: 10, 50, 75, 100
• Option D: 5, 20, 40, 60, 80

The correct answer is Option B, as it includes the test inputs that would be selected using EQP.

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• Wrong explanation

To answer this question, we need to consider the given validation criteria and determine which option covers the most boundary values.

The validation criteria are as follows:

• Values less than 10 are rejected.
• Values between 10 and 21 (inclusive) are accepted.
• Values greater than or equal to 22 are rejected.

Let's evaluate each option to see which one covers the most boundary values:

Option A) 9, 10, 11, 22

• 9 is less than 10 and should be rejected.
• 10 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 11 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 22 is greater than or equal to 22 and should be rejected.

This option covers 2 boundary values: 10 and 22.

Option B) 9, 10, 21, 22

• 9 is less than 10 and should be rejected.
• 10 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 21 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 22 is greater than or equal to 22 and should be rejected.

This option covers 2 boundary values: 10 and 21.

Option C) 10, 11, 21, 22

• 10 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 11 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 21 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 22 is greater than or equal to 22 and should be rejected.

This option covers 3 boundary values: 10, 11, and 21.

Option D) 10, 11, 20, 21

• 10 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 11 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 20 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.
• 21 is between 10 and 21 and should be accepted.

This option covers 4 boundary values: 10, 11, 20, and 21.

Therefore, the option that covers the most boundary values is Option D) 10, 11, 20, 21.

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• Wrong explanation

To answer this question, we need to understand the concept of regression testing.

Regression testing is performed to ensure that previously developed and tested software still performs correctly after it has been changed or interfaced with other software. When selecting test cases for regression testing, it is important to consider various factors such as bug fixes, frequent defects, and recent code changes.

Let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:

Option A) Requires knowledge on the bug fixes and how it affects the system - This option is correct because having knowledge about the bug fixes and how they affect the system is crucial in selecting the appropriate test cases for regression testing. This ensures that the fixed bugs have not introduced any new issues.

Option B) Includes the area of frequent defects - This option is correct because selecting test cases from the areas that have previously experienced frequent defects helps in identifying if any regression issues have occurred in those areas.

Option C) Includes the area which has undergone many/recent code changes - This option is correct because areas that have undergone many or recent code changes are more likely to introduce regression issues. Therefore, selecting test cases from these areas helps in detecting any regression defects.

Option D) All of the above - This option is correct because all the options mentioned above are valid considerations when selecting test cases for regression testing. Considering bug fixes, areas of frequent defects, and areas with recent code changes collectively helps in ensuring effective regression testing.

The correct answer is D) All of the above. This option is correct because all the mentioned factors are important considerations when selecting test cases for regression testing.

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• Wrong explanation

To answer this question, we need to understand the concepts of statement coverage and branch coverage in software testing.

Statement coverage refers to the percentage of statements in a program that have been executed during testing. It ensures that every statement in the program has been executed at least once. This helps in identifying any potential errors or flaws in individual statements.

Branch coverage, on the other hand, refers to the percentage of branches in a program that have been executed during testing. A branch is a decision point in the program, such as an IF statement or a loop. Branch coverage ensures that every possible branch in the program has been taken at least once. This helps in identifying any potential errors or flaws in the decision-making logic of the program.

Now, let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:

Option A) That you have tested every statement in the program - This option is incorrect. Statement coverage ensures that every statement has been executed, but it does not guarantee that every branch has been taken.

Option B) That you have tested every statement and every branch in the program - This option is correct. Branch coverage ensures that every branch has been taken, in addition to every statement being executed. Therefore, this option covers both statement coverage and branch coverage.

Option C) That you have tested every IF statement in the program - This option is incorrect. Testing every IF statement does not guarantee that every branch has been taken, as there may be other decision points in the program that are not IF statements.

Option D) That you have tested every combination of values of IF statements in the program - This option is incorrect. While testing every combination of values of IF statements may help achieve branch coverage, it does not guarantee statement coverage or coverage of other decision points in the program.

The correct answer is B) That you have tested every statement and every branch in the program. This option covers both statement coverage and branch coverage, ensuring that every statement and every branch in the program have been executed during testing.

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• Wrong explanation

To determine which of the options is a valid Boundary Value Analysis test case, we need to consider the boundaries that define different tax rates.

In this system, there are three tax rates based on different salary ranges:

1. The first £4000 is tax-free.
2. The next £1500 is taxed at 10%.
3. The next £28000 is taxed at 22%.
4. Any further amount is taxed at 40%.

Based on these tax rates, we can determine the test cases for Boundary Value Analysis:

A. £1500 - This is the boundary between the tax-free range and the 10% tax range. It is a valid test case because it tests the transition from no tax to a taxed amount. B. £32001 - This is beyond the highest salary range with a fixed tax rate. It is a valid test case because it tests the system's behavior when the salary exceeds the highest tax range. C. £33501 - This is beyond the highest salary range with a fixed tax rate. It is a valid test case because it tests the system's behavior when the salary exceeds the highest tax range. D. £28000 - This is the boundary between the 22% tax range and the amount taxed at 40%. It is a valid test case because it tests the transition from a lower tax rate to a higher tax rate.

To the nearest whole pound, option C (£33501) is a valid Boundary Value Analysis test case because it tests the system's behavior when the salary exceeds the highest tax range.

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• Wrong explanation

To answer this question, we need to match the activity descriptions with the corresponding test management terms. Let's go through each option to see which one is the best pairing:

Option A) v-3, w-2, x-1, y-5, z-4

• Test control (v) is paired with the re-allocation of resources when tests overrun (3) - Incorrect
• Test monitoring (w) is paired with the maintenance of the record of test results (2) - Correct
• Test estimation (x) is paired with the calculation of required test resources (1) - Incorrect
• Incident management (y) is paired with the tracking of anomalous test results (5) - Incorrect
• Configuration control (z) is paired with the report on deviation from the test plan (4) - Incorrect

Option B) v-2, w-5, x-1, y-4, z-3

• Test control (v) is paired with the tracking of anomalous test results (5) - Incorrect
• Test monitoring (w) is paired with the report on deviation from the test plan (4) - Incorrect
• Test estimation (x) is paired with the calculation of required test resources (1) - Correct
• Incident management (y) is paired with the maintenance of the record of test results (2) - Incorrect
• Configuration control (z) is paired with the re-allocation of resources when tests overrun (3) - Incorrect

Option C) v-3, w-4, x-1, y-5, z-2

• Test control (v) is paired with the re-allocation of resources when tests overrun (3) - Correct
• Test monitoring (w) is paired with the report on deviation from the test plan (4) - Correct
• Test estimation (x) is paired with the calculation of required test resources (1) - Correct
• Incident management (y) is paired with the tracking of anomalous test results (5) - Correct
• Configuration control (z) is paired with the maintenance of the record of test results (2) - Correct

Option D) v-2, w-1, x-4, y-3, z-5

• Test control (v) is paired with the maintenance of the record of test results (2) - Correct
• Test monitoring (w) is paired with the calculation of required test resources (1) - Incorrect
• Test estimation (x) is paired with the report on deviation from the test plan (4) - Incorrect
• Incident management (y) is paired with the re-allocation of resources when tests overrun (3) - Incorrect
• Configuration control (z) is paired with the tracking of anomalous test results (5) - Incorrect

The best pairing of the two sets is Option C, where:

• v (test control) is paired with 3 (re-allocation of resources when tests overrun)
• w (test monitoring) is paired with 4 (report on deviation from the test plan)
• x (test estimation) is paired with 1 (calculation of required test resources)
• y (incident management) is paired with 5 (tracking of anomalous test results)
• z (configuration control) is paired with 2 (maintenance of record of test results)

Therefore, the correct answer is Option C.

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• Wrong explanation

To answer this question, we need to match the given characteristics of the review processes with the corresponding expressions.

1. Led by the author - This characteristic refers to the author of the document or code being responsible for leading the review process.

2. Undocumented - This characteristic means that the review process is not formally documented or recorded.

3. No management participation - This characteristic indicates that management does not participate in the review process.

4. Led by a moderator or leader - This characteristic suggests that the review process is led by a moderator or leader who is not the author.

5. Uses entry and exit criteria - This characteristic implies that the review process has specific entry and exit criteria that need to be met.

Let's go through each option:

Option A) s = 4 and 5, t = 3, u = 2, v = 1

• Inspection (s) matches characteristic 4 (led by a moderator or leader) and 5 (uses entry and exit criteria).
• Peer review (t) matches characteristic 3 (no management participation).
• Informal review (u) matches characteristic 2 (undocumented).
• Walkthrough (v) does not match any of the given characteristics.

Option B) s = 4, t = 3, u = 2 and 5, v = 1

• Inspection (s) matches characteristic 4 (led by a moderator or leader).
• Peer review (t) matches characteristic 3 (no management participation).
• Informal review (u) matches characteristic 2 (undocumented) and 5 (uses entry and exit criteria).
• Walkthrough (v) does not match any of the given characteristics.

Option C) s = 1 and 5, t = 3, u = 2, v = 4

• Inspection (s) matches characteristic 1 (led by the author) and 5 (uses entry and exit criteria).
• Peer review (t) matches characteristic 3 (no management participation).
• Informal review (u) matches characteristic 2 (undocumented).
• Walkthrough (v) matches characteristic 4 (led by a moderator or leader).

Option D) s = 4 and 5, t = 1, u= 2, v = 3

• Inspection (s) matches characteristic 4 (led by a moderator or leader) and 5 (uses entry and exit criteria).
• Peer review (t) matches characteristic 1 (led by the author).
• Informal review (u) matches characteristic 2 (undocumented).
• Walkthrough (v) matches characteristic 3 (no management participation).

Based on the above analysis, the correct answer is Option A. Inspection (s) matches characteristic 4 and 5, peer review (t) matches characteristic 3, informal review (u) matches characteristic 2, and walkthrough (v) does not match any of the given characteristics.

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• Wrong explanation