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Cross-Linguistic Patterns in Language and Science

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a cross-linguistic pattern observed in the way languages encode spatial relations?

  1. Nouns for objects that are higher in space are typically marked with a grammatical case that indicates elevation.
  2. Verbs of motion typically encode the direction of motion relative to the speaker's perspective.
  3. Adjectives describing spatial relationships typically use absolute rather than relative terms.
  4. Prepositions that indicate location typically mark the object being located rather than the reference point.
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