General Knowledge Quiz: International Organizations & Gandhi

Gandhi was first convicted for sedition in 1922 for three articles published in Young India - 'Tampering with Loyalty', 'The Puzzle and its Solutions', and 'Shaking the Manes'. These articles criticized British colonial rule and the Prince of Wales' visit to India, leading to a six-year prison sentence. All three articles were part of the same trial and conviction.

Abbas Tyabji, a respected judge and freedom fighter, was nominated by Gandhi to lead the Dandi March if he was arrested. Tyabji was chosen for his moral authority and commitment to non-violence. He led the marchers after Gandhi's arrest on April 5, 1930, before being detained himself on May 12, 1930.

Madan Mohan Malaviya served as Gandhi's principal adviser at the Second Round Table Conference (1931). Malaviya was a senior Congress leader, educationist, and founder of Banaras Hindu University. His deep knowledge of constitutional matters and conservative Hindu perspective complemented Gandhi's moral authority during negotiations on India's political future.

Gandhi stayed at Kingsley Hall Settlement in London's East End as Muriel Lester's guest during the Second Round Table Conference (1931). Lester was a British Christian pacifist and social reformer who admired Gandhi's philosophy. Kingsley Hall became a hub for India supporters and hosted Gandhi's meetings with British workers and leaders.

At the AICC meeting in Wardha on January 15, 1942, Gandhi publicly referred to Jawaharlal Nehru as his political heir. This declaration was significant as it clarified the leadership succession within the Congress movement. Despite differences with Gandhi on economic and social issues, Nehru was chosen for his modern outlook, mass appeal, and international vision for independent India.

The song 'Naliva Gulaabi Hoove...' is from the Kannada film 'Auto Raja' (1980). This romantic duet became one of the most popular songs in Kannada cinema history. The film starred Shankar Nag and Gayathri in lead roles and was known for its melodious soundtrack composed by Rajan-Nagendra.

Mahatma Gandhi gave the famous slogan Do or Die (Karo Ya Maro) during the Quit India movement in 1942. Jai Jawan Jai Kisan was given by Lal Bahadur Shastri, and Swaraj is my birth-right was by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

Gandhi titled his Gujarati translation of John Ruskin's 'Unto This Last' as 'Sarvodaya' (welfare of all). This 1908 translation profoundly influenced Gandhi's economic philosophy, particularly his concepts of trusteeship, bread labor, and equitable distribution. Sarvodaya became the foundational principle of Gandhian economics and social vision, emphasizing the upliftment of the weakest sections of society.

Mani Bhavan served as Gandhi's residence in Mumbai from 1917 to 1934. This historic building at Laburnum Road witnessed key events including the initiation of the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920), the Congress-Swarajist split (1923), and Gandhis meetings with international leaders. It now houses a Gandhi museum and library, preserving his letters, photographs, and personal artifacts.

The song 'Andavoo Andavoo Kannadanadu nanna goodu allidenodu...' is from the Kannada film 'Mallige Hoove' (1992). This patriotic song celebrates Karnataka's identity and became popular for its evocative lyrics and melody. The film was a family drama starring Vishnuvardhan and Suhasini, with music by Hamsalekha capturing the cultural essence of Karnataka.

The song 'Karunaadu Kanda kariya kanammi...' is from the Kannada film 'Yuga' (1990). This song, which translates to 'Seeing the black elephant of Karunadu (Karnataka)', is a poetic expression celebrating Kannada land and culture. The film starred Shankar Nag and was directed by Sunil Kumar Desai, known for its artistic quality and meaningful lyrics.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has its headquarters in Vienna, Austria. It was established in 1957 as the world's central intergovernmental forum for peaceful nuclear cooperation.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva hosts numerous international organizations due to Switzerland's neutrality.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has its headquarters in Washington DC, USA. It was established in 1944 to promote international monetary cooperation.

The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the principal judicial organ of the UN, has its seat at the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. Frankfurt is Germany's financial hub, not home to the ICJ.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has its headquarters in Manila, Philippines. It was established in 1966 to foster economic growth and cooperation in Asia-Pacific.