Space Exploration and Human Nature in Literature

HAL 9000 is the sentient computer that controls the spaceship Discovery One in Arthur C. Clarke's novel, '2001: A Space Odyssey.'

Green Bluff is the name of the first human settlement on Mars in Ray Bradbury's short story, 'The Martian Chronicles.'

R. Daneel Olivaw is the name of the robot that violates the First Law of Robotics and kills a human in Isaac Asimov's novel, 'I, Robot.'

Gethen is the name of the planet where the inhabitants are ambisexual in Ursula K. Le Guin's novel, 'The Left Hand of Darkness.'

The Sea of Consciousness is the name of the sentient ocean that covers the planet Solaris in Stanislaw Lem's novel, 'Solaris.'

Ares Vallis is the name of the first Martian colony established by the United Nations in Kim Stanley Robinson's novel, 'Red Mars.'

Valentine Michael Smith is the name of the alien who is raised by humans on Earth in Robert A. Heinlein's novel, 'Stranger in a Strange Land.'

Rama is the name of the alien spaceship that visits the solar system in Arthur C. Clarke's novel, 'Rendezvous with Rama.'

The Parallel Universe is the name of the parallel universe that the characters discover in Isaac Asimov's novel, 'The Gods Themselves.'

Anarres is the name of the anarchist society on the moon of Anarres in Ursula K. Le Guin's novel, 'The Dispossessed.'

The Wanderer is the name of the alien spaceship that the crew of the spaceship Invincible encounters in Stanislaw Lem's novel, 'The Invincible.'

Aurora is the name of the generation ship that is sent on a centuries-long journey to a distant star system in Kim Stanley Robinson's novel, 'Aurora.'

Luna is the name of the lunar colony that rebels against Earth in Robert A. Heinlein's novel, 'The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress.'

The Overlords is the name of the alien race that comes to Earth and ushers in a new era of peace and prosperity in Arthur C. Clarke's novel, 'Childhood's End.'

The Foundation is the name of the organization that is tasked with preserving human knowledge and culture after the fall of the Galactic Empire in Isaac Asimov's novel, 'The Foundation Trilogy.'