Solidification and Crystallization

Solidification is the process of changing from a liquid to a solid.

Crystallization is the process of forming crystals from a liquid.

The solid that forms during solidification is called a solid.

The liquid that is formed during melting is called a liquid.

The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid is called the freezing point.

The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid is called the melting point.

The process by which a solid changes directly to a gas without passing through the liquid phase is called sublimation.

The process by which a gas changes directly to a solid without passing through the liquid phase is called deposition.

The diagram that shows the relationship between the temperature and the fraction of solid in a mixture of solid and liquid is called a phase diagram.

The point on a phase diagram where the solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium is called the eutectic point.

The type of solidification that occurs when a liquid solidifies into a single crystal is called single-crystal solidification.

The type of solidification that occurs when a liquid solidifies into a polycrystalline solid is called polycrystalline solidification.

The type of solidification that occurs when a liquid solidifies into an amorphous solid is called amorphous solidification.

The type of solidification that occurs when a liquid solidifies into a dendritic solid is called dendritic solidification.

The defect that occurs when a crystal contains a missing atom is called a vacancy.