Congenital Heart Defects: From Birth

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is the most common type of congenital heart defect, occurring in approximately 1 in 250 live births.

The foramen ovale is an opening between the right and left atria in the fetal heart that allows blood to bypass the lungs, which are not yet functional.

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by a hole between the atria, the two upper chambers of the heart.

Shortness of breath is the most common symptom of a ventricular septal defect (VSD), especially during exertion.

Pulmonary Stenosis is a congenital heart defect characterized by a narrowing of the pulmonary valve, which obstructs blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common type of cyanotic congenital heart defect, characterized by four abnormalities: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy.

Transposition of the Great Arteries is a congenital heart defect characterized by a transposition of the aorta and pulmonary artery, resulting in oxygenated blood being pumped to the lungs and deoxygenated blood being pumped to the body.

Catheter-based intervention is the most common treatment for a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), involving the insertion of a device to close the PDA.

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome is a congenital heart defect characterized by an underdeveloped left ventricle, resulting in inadequate blood flow to the body.

Supraventricular Tachycardia is the most common type of arrhythmia associated with congenital heart defects, characterized by a rapid heart rate originating above the ventricles.

Tricuspid Atresia is a congenital heart defect characterized by a single ventricle, resulting from the absence of the tricuspid valve.

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is the most common type of congenital heart defect associated with Down syndrome, occurring in approximately 40% of individuals with the condition.

Aortic Stenosis is a congenital heart defect characterized by a narrowing of the aortic valve, which obstructs blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta.

Coarctation of the Aorta is the most common type of congenital heart defect associated with Turner syndrome, occurring in approximately 10% of individuals with the condition.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus is a congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal connection between the pulmonary artery and the aorta, allowing blood to flow from the aorta to the pulmonary artery.