The South African Anti-Apartheid Movement

The African National Congress (ANC) was founded in 1912 and became the leading force in the fight against apartheid in South Africa.

Nelson Mandela was elected president of South Africa in 1994, becoming the country's first black president.

Nelson Mandela was held in Robben Island prison for 27 years, from 1964 to 1990.

The Population Registration Act was a law that classified people in South Africa according to their race. It was used to enforce apartheid.

The Immorality Act was a law that prohibited interracial marriage in South Africa. It was used to enforce apartheid.

The Separate Amenities Act was a law that segregated black and white people in public places in South Africa. It was used to enforce apartheid.

The Land Acts were laws that prohibited black people from owning land in certain areas of South Africa. They were used to enforce apartheid.

The Pass Laws were laws that required black people to carry passes when they were in white areas of South Africa. They were used to enforce apartheid.

The Bantu Education Act was a law that prohibited black people from attending white schools in South Africa. It was used to enforce apartheid.

The Franchise Acts were laws that prohibited black people from voting in South Africa. They were used to enforce apartheid.

The Industrial Conciliation Act was a law that prohibited black people from forming trade unions in South Africa. It was used to enforce apartheid.

The Arms and Ammunition Act was a law that prohibited black people from owning firearms in South Africa. It was used to enforce apartheid.

The Exit Permits Act was a law that prohibited black people from leaving South Africa without a permit. It was used to enforce apartheid.

The Group Areas Act was a law that prohibited black people from living in white areas of South Africa. It was used to enforce apartheid.

The Trading and Occupation of Land (Transvaal and Natal) Restriction Act was a law that prohibited black people from owning businesses in white areas of South Africa. It was used to enforce apartheid.