The Rise of Islam

The Prophet Muhammad received his first revelation in the city of Mecca, located in present-day Saudi Arabia.

The angel Gabriel is believed to have delivered the revelations to the Prophet Muhammad.

The Ummah is the name of the first Muslim community established by the Prophet Muhammad.

The Hijrah is the name of the journey that the Prophet Muhammad took from Mecca to Medina.

Medina became the capital of the Islamic Empire after the death of the Prophet Muhammad.

Abu Bakr was the first caliph of the Islamic Empire.

The Qur'an is the Islamic holy book.

Salah is the name of the Islamic prayer ritual.

Ramadan is the name of the Islamic fasting month.

Hajj is the name of the Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca.

Sharia is the name of the Islamic legal system.

The Umayyad Caliphate was the first Islamic empire that ruled over much of the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of Europe from the 7th to the 13th centuries.

The Abbasid Caliphate was the second Islamic empire that ruled over much of the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of Europe from the 8th to the 13th centuries.

The Ottoman Empire was the third Islamic empire that ruled over much of the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of Europe from the 13th to the 20th centuries.

The Safavid Empire was the fourth Islamic empire that ruled over much of Persia and parts of the Middle East from the 16th to the 18th centuries.