Climate Change and Research Innovation

The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change. The goal of the agreement is to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.

Global warming refers to the long-term increase in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system, which includes the atmosphere, oceans, and land surface.

Industrialization, particularly the burning of fossil fuels, has led to the release of large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing significantly to global warming.

The greenhouse effect is the process by which greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to an increase in global temperatures.

Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities, contributing significantly to climate change.

Sea level rise is the increase in the average height of the sea's surface, primarily caused by the thermal expansion of ocean water and the melting of glaciers and ice sheets.

Weather extremes, such as heatwaves, droughts, floods, and storms, are becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change.

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) involves capturing carbon dioxide from industrial sources and storing it underground or in geological formations.

Solar energy is obtained from the sun's radiation and can be converted into electricity through photovoltaic cells or solar thermal systems.

Climate mitigation involves reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit the effects of climate change.

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the international body responsible for coordinating global efforts to address climate change.

Deforestation involves the clearing of forests for various purposes, resulting in the loss of forest cover.

Ocean acidification occurs when the ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, leading to a decrease in pH and an increase in acidity.

Reforestation involves planting trees in areas that have been deforested or degraded, with the aim of restoring forest cover.

Wind energy is obtained from the kinetic energy of moving air and can be converted into electricity through wind turbines.