World War I and World War II: The Role of Civilian Populations

The Women's Voluntary Service was a British women's organization that mobilized women for war work during World War I. It was founded in 1914 and had over 2 million members by the end of the war.

An estimated 10 million civilians were killed in World War I, more than the number of military casualties.

The Women's Army Corps was an American women's organization that mobilized women for war work during World War II. It was founded in 1942 and had over 150,000 members by the end of the war.

An estimated 40 million civilians were killed in World War II, more than the number of military casualties.

Operation Pied Piper was the name of the British government's policy of evacuating children from cities to the countryside during World War II. It was launched in 1939 and evacuated over 3 million children.

The Rationing and Price Control Act was the name of the American government's policy of rationing food and other resources during World War II. It was passed in 1942 and remained in effect until 1946.

The Final Solution was the name of the German government's policy of deporting Jews and other minorities to concentration camps during World War II. It was implemented by the SS and resulted in the deaths of millions of people.

Operation Overlord was the name of the Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944. It was the largest amphibious invasion in history and resulted in the liberation of France from German occupation.

Little Boy was the name of the American atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945. It was a uranium-based bomb and resulted in the deaths of over 140,000 people.

Fat Man was the name of the American atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki in 1945. It was a plutonium-based bomb and resulted in the deaths of over 70,000 people.

The United Nations was created after World War II to promote peace and security. It is a global organization that has 193 member states.

Franklin D. Roosevelt was the American president who led the United States through World War II. He served from 1933 to 1945.

Winston Churchill was the British prime minister who led the United Kingdom through World War II. He served from 1940 to 1945.

Joseph Stalin was the Soviet leader who led the Soviet Union through World War II. He served from 1924 to 1953.

Adolf Hitler was the German leader who led Germany through World War II. He served from 1933 to 1945.