Indian Philosophy: Buddhism

Buddhism teaches that suffering arises from attachment to desires and cravings, leading to a cycle of dissatisfaction and unhappiness.

Nirvana is the state of liberation from suffering, the cycle of rebirth, and the attainment of perfect peace and enlightenment.

Siddhartha Gautama, who became known as the Buddha, is the founder of Buddhism.

The Three Jewels of Buddhism are Buddha (the enlightened teacher), Dharma (the teachings), and Sangha (the community of practitioners).

Anatta refers to the Buddhist teaching of non-self, which emphasizes the absence of a permanent, unchanging self or soul.

The Four Noble Truths are: 1. Dukkha (suffering exists), 2. Samudaya (suffering arises from attachment), 3. Nirodha (suffering can be ended), and 4. Magga (the path to the end of suffering).

The Noble Eightfold Path is a set of practices that lead to the end of suffering and the attainment of enlightenment.

Karma refers to the Buddhist teaching that one's actions, both good and bad, have consequences in this life and future lives.

Buddhism teaches that after death, one's consciousness is reborn into a new body, determined by one's karma.

A bodhisattva is a person who has dedicated their life to achieving enlightenment not only for themselves but also for the benefit of all other beings.

Sunyata refers to the Buddhist teaching that all phenomena are empty of inherent existence or self-nature.

Pratitya-samutpada refers to the Buddhist teaching that all phenomena arise in dependence on other phenomena.

The three main schools of Buddhism are Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana.

Dukkha refers to the Buddhist teaching that life is inherently characterized by suffering.