To answer this question, we need to understand the concept of file handling in programming.

In programming, a file is a collection of related data stored in a specific location. File handling allows programs to read from and write to files, enabling input and output operations.

In this question, it is stated that the main program does not contain any input or output statements. However, it is mentioned that the main program can reference the record area of the file.

This statement is true. Even if the main program does not have explicit input or output statements, it can still access and manipulate the data within the file by referencing the record area. The record area represents the portion of the file that contains the actual data.

Therefore, the correct answer is A) True.

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To answer this question, let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:

Option A) (1) Opens the external file for output and checks the file status code - This option is correct. The function of EF1OPENO is to open the external file for output and check the file status code. This function is typically used when you want to write data to a file.

Option B) (2) The main program, which calls all the subprograms and then verifies the contents of a record area - This option is incorrect. This description does not match the function of EF1OPENO.

Option C) (3) Opens the external file for input and checks the file status code - This option is incorrect. The function of EF1OPENO is to open the file for output, not input.

Option D) (4) Reads a record from the external file and checks the file status code - This option is incorrect. The function of EF1OPENO is to open the file for output, not read records.

The correct answer is A) (1) Opens the external file for output and checks the file status code. This option is correct because it accurately describes the function of EF1OPENO.

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To answer this question, let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:

Option A) Random access - Random access refers to the ability to access data in any order, without the need to read through the entire dataset sequentially. While random access can be efficient for accessing specific data points, it may not be the most efficient access procedure for accessing large amounts of data.

Option B) Static access - Static access typically refers to accessing data that is stored in a fixed location or position. This access procedure may be efficient for accessing data that is organized in a static manner, but it may not be the most efficient for accessing dynamic or changing data.

Option C) Dynamic access - Dynamic access typically refers to accessing data that is stored in a dynamic or changing manner, where the location of the data may vary. This access procedure may be efficient for accessing dynamic or changing data, but it may not be the most efficient for accessing large amounts of data.

Option D) Sequential access - Sequential access refers to accessing data in a sequential or linear manner, where data is accessed one after the other in a specific order. This access procedure involves reading through the entire dataset sequentially, which may not be the most efficient for accessing specific data points. However, for accessing large amounts of data in a linear manner, sequential access can be the most efficient procedure.

The correct answer is D) Sequential access. This option is correct because sequential access is the most efficient access procedure for accessing large amounts of data in a linear manner.

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To answer this question, we need to understand the performance considerations for COMP-5.

Option A) Using 5 to 9 digits is 35% faster than using 1 to 4 digits. This option is incorrect because there is no information provided that suggests using 5 to 9 digits is faster than using 1 to 4 digits.

Option B) Using 10 to 18 digits is 2200% slower than using 1 to 4 digits. This option is correct. It states that using 10 to 18 digits is 2200% slower than using 1 to 4 digits. This means that using a larger number of digits significantly impacts the performance of COMP-5.

Option C) Using an odd number of digits is 5% to 20% faster than using an even number of digits. This option is incorrect because there is no information provided that suggests using an odd number of digits is faster than using an even number of digits.

Option D) Using the 16 to 18 digits is up to 140% slower than using 1 to 15 digits. This option is incorrect because it contradicts the information provided in option B, which states that using 10 to 18 digits is 2200% slower than using 1 to 4 digits.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B. Using 10 to 18 digits is 2200% slower than using 1 to 4 digits.

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To answer this question, let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:

Option A) (1) Use NAME to generate a link-edit NAME card for each object module. This option is correct. The NAME compiler option can be used to generate a link-edit NAME card for each object module. This allows the programmer to specify a name for the object module that can be used during the link-edit process.

Option B) (2) You can also use NAME to generate names for each load module when you are doing batch compilations. This option is incorrect. The NAME compiler option is used to generate a link-edit NAME card for each object module, not for generating names for load modules during batch compilations.

Option C) (3) When NAME is specified, a NAME card is appended to each object module that is created. This option is correct. When the NAME compiler option is specified, a NAME card is appended to each object module that is created. This allows the programmer to specify a name for the object module.

Option D) (4) All the above. This option is correct. Both option A and option C are correct statements about the use of the NAME compiler option.

The correct answer is D) (4) All the above. This option is correct because it includes all the correct statements about the use of the NAME compiler option.

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To answer this question, we need to understand the performance considerations when using Asynchronous Write Operations (AWO) compared to not using AWO.

Option A) (1) One program using variable-length files and AWO was 88% slower than NOAWO. AWO is designed to improve performance by allowing write operations to be performed asynchronously, meaning they can be executed concurrently with other operations. However, in this option, it states that a program using AWO was 88% slower than a program without AWO. This means that the use of AWO negatively impacted the program's performance, which contradicts the purpose of AWO. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Option B) (2) On the average, AWO was equivalent to NOAWO. This option states that, on average, AWO and NOAWO (not using AWO) have similar performance. This implies that the use of AWO does not significantly impact the program's performance compared to not using AWO. Therefore, this option is plausible.

Option C) (3) One program using variable-length files and AWO was 88% faster than NOAWO. This option states that a program using AWO was 88% faster than a program without AWO. This suggests that the use of AWO significantly improved the program's performance compared to not using AWO. Therefore, this option is plausible.

Option D) (4) All the above. Option D states that all the previous options are correct. However, since option A is incorrect, option D cannot be correct.

Based on the explanations above, the correct answer is Option C) (3) One program using variable-length files and AWO was 88% faster than NOAWO. This option correctly states that AWO improved the program's performance compared to not using AWO.

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To answer this question, we need to understand the concept of CISZ (Clustered Index Scan Zone) and its relationship with random and sequential processing.

A CISZ is a continuous block of data within a clustered index that can be read efficiently during a scan operation. The size of the CISZ is determined by the fill factor, which is the percentage of space used in a data page.

Let's go through each statement to determine which one is true:

Statement (1) - A smaller CISZ results in faster retrieval for random processing at the expense of inserts. This statement is true. A smaller CISZ means that more data pages need to be accessed during random processing, resulting in faster retrieval. However, smaller CISZ also means that more data pages need to be split and inserted when new data is added, which can slow down inserts.

Statement (2) - A larger CISZ is less efficient for sequential processing. This statement is false. A larger CISZ is more efficient for sequential processing because it allows for larger data reads, reducing the number of I/O operations required. Sequential processing involves reading data in a continuous manner, and a larger CISZ can accommodate larger data blocks, improving performance.

Statement (3) - A larger CISZ is less efficient for random processing. This statement is false. A larger CISZ can actually be more efficient for random processing. With a larger CISZ, more data can be read in a single I/O operation, reducing the number of disk accesses required for random retrieval.

Statement (4) - A smaller CISZ results in slower retrieval for sequential processing at the expense of inserts. This statement is false. A smaller CISZ can actually result in faster retrieval for sequential processing. Sequential processing involves reading data in a continuous manner, and a smaller CISZ means that fewer data pages need to be accessed, reducing the I/O operations required.

Based on the explanations above, the correct statement is (1) - A smaller CISZ results in faster retrieval for random processing at the expense of inserts.

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To answer this question, we need to understand the purpose of the LINKAGE SECTION in a calling program.

The LINKAGE SECTION is used to define the parameters or arguments that are passed to a called program or subroutine using the CALL statement. It defines the data items that are passed from the calling program to the called program.

Let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:

Option A) (1) All data-names which have been used in the program - This option is incorrect. The LINKAGE SECTION only contains the data items that are passed to the called program, not all the data-names used in the program.

Option B) (2) The description of the department code that is passed, using the USING clause of the CALL statement - This option is correct. The LINKAGE SECTION contains the description of the department code that is passed to the called program using the USING clause of the CALL statement.

Option C) (3) Address of the department code that is passed, using the USING clause of the CALL statement - This option is incorrect. The LINKAGE SECTION does not contain the address of the data items passed, but rather the description or definition of the data items.

Option D) (4) All the above - This option is incorrect. Option A is incorrect because the LINKAGE SECTION does not contain all the data-names used in the program. Option C is incorrect because the LINKAGE SECTION does not contain the address of the data items passed.

Therefore, the correct answer is B) (2) The description of the department code that is passed, using the USING clause of the CALL statement. This option is correct because the LINKAGE SECTION contains the description of the department code that is passed to the called program using the USING clause of the CALL statement.

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To answer this question, let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:

Option A) (1) Compute the arithmetic operations - This option is incorrect because the ARITH compiler option does not compute arithmetic operations. It is used to control the behavior of arithmetic operations, but it does not perform the computations itself.

Option B) (2) Control the maximum number of digits allowed for decimal numbers - This option is correct. The ARITH compiler option allows you to control the maximum number of digits allowed for decimal numbers. This can be useful to prevent overflow or to enforce a specific precision for calculations.

Option C) (3) Control the inappropriate datatype if it is used by mistake - This option is incorrect. The ARITH compiler option does not control the inappropriate datatype if it is used by mistake. It is primarily used for controlling the maximum number of decimal digits.

Option D) (4) Identify the sign of the variable being used in the program - This option is incorrect. The ARITH compiler option does not identify the sign of the variable being used in the program. It is used for controlling the behavior of arithmetic operations, not for identifying the sign.

The correct answer is B) (2) Control the maximum number of digits allowed for decimal numbers. This option allows you to specify the maximum number of decimal digits allowed, providing control over the precision of decimal calculations.

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