Delhi Sultanate: The Early Rulers

Qutb-ud-din Aibak, a former slave of Muhammad Ghori, established the Delhi Sultanate in 1206 after Ghori's death.

Iltutmish, the third ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, introduced the Iqta system, a land-grant system that assigned revenue rights to military commanders in exchange for military service.

Qutb-ud-din Aibak constructed the Qutb Minar, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as a victory tower to commemorate his conquest of Delhi.

Alauddin Khalji, the fourth ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, expanded the sultanate's territory by conquering large parts of South India, including the Deccan Plateau.

Alauddin Khalji established the Diwan-i-Arz, a department responsible for military affairs, to strengthen the sultanate's military capabilities.

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty, is known for his architectural achievements, including the construction of Tughlaqabad Fort and the Adilabad Fort.

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded Tughlaqabad as the new capital city of the Delhi Sultanate, but it was later abandoned due to water scarcity.

Alauddin Khalji introduced several reforms in the revenue system, including the measurement of land and the establishment of a uniform tax rate, to increase the sultanate's revenue.

Alauddin Khalji established the Diwan-i-Riyasat, a department responsible for regulating prices and ensuring fair trade practices in the markets.

Iltutmish was a patron of scholars and poets, and his court attracted many intellectuals, including the famous Persian poet Amir Khusrau.

Iltutmish was the first independent ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, as he broke away from the control of the Ghurid Empire.

Alauddin Khalji successfully defended the Delhi Sultanate against several Mongol invasions, demonstrating his military prowess.

Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate before it was overthrown by the Sayyid dynasty.

Iltutmish expanded the Delhi Sultanate's territory into Bengal, consolidating his control over the region.