International Biology Olympiad (IBO)

Prokaryotic cells, unlike eukaryotic cells, do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. They do have a cell wall, which provides structural support and protection.

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins, as well as modifying and sorting them for transport to their final destinations.

Binary fission, budding, and fragmentation are all types of asexual reproduction, where a single parent organism gives rise to genetically identical offspring.

Enzymes act as catalysts in biological reactions, decreasing the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, thus facilitating and accelerating the reaction.

Nitrogen is not a greenhouse gas, as it does not absorb and trap heat in the atmosphere like carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor do.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen.

Mitochondria are known as the 'powerhouses of the cell' because their primary function is to generate ATP, the energy currency of the cell.

Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells.

Bone is a type of connective tissue that provides structural support and protection to the body.

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, using the genetic information encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) to assemble amino acids into proteins.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels.

Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves, helping to regulate their temperature and transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.

Fragmentation is a type of asexual reproduction in plants, where a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant.

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down glucose to produce energy in the form of ATP.

Diffusion is a type of passive transport across a cell membrane, where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.