World Geography: Capitals and Countries

Chad is a landlocked country in Central Africa, bordered by Libya, Sudan, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Nigeria, and Niger. It is unequivocally located on the African continent, with its capital at N'Djamena.

The equator is the imaginary line that divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres at 0 degrees latitude. Somalia is one of the African countries crossed by the equator in its southern region, along with Kenya, Uganda, and Congo. India is entirely north of the equator, while Tanzania, though close, lies south of it and Argentina is in the Southern Hemisphere far from the equatorial zone.

Libya is located in North Africa and shares borders with six countries: Tunisia and Algeria to the west, Niger and Chad to the south, and Sudan and Egypt to the east and southeast. Tunisia is Libya's immediate northwestern neighbor, separated only by a land border. Ethiopia is in East Africa far from Libya, Nigeria is in West Africa, and Mali is in West Africa - none share borders with Libya.

Abuja became Nigeria's capital in 1991, replacing Lagos as the seat of government. It was a planned city built in the center of the country to promote national unity and reduce regional tensions. Niger is the name of Nigeria's northern neighbor (a country), Astana is the capital of Kazakhstan, and Kiev (Kyiv) is the capital of Ukraine - none are Nigerian cities.

Colombo is Sri Lanka's largest city, commercial capital, and former capital. While Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is now the official administrative capital (since 1982), Colombo remains commonly recognized as the capital in most contexts.

Islamabad became the capital of Pakistan in the 1960s, replacing Karachi. The other options are capitals of different countries: Colombo (Sri Lanka), Beijing (China), and Kathmandu (Nepal).

Beijing has been China's capital for most of its history and remains so today. Colombo is Sri Lanka's capital, Islamabad is Pakistan's capital, and Dhaka is Bangladesh's capital.

Kathmandu is the capital and largest city of Nepal. Colombo is Sri Lanka's capital, Islamabad is Pakistan's capital, and Dhaka is Bangladesh's capital.

Dhaka is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh. Colombo is Sri Lanka's capital, Islamabad is Pakistan's capital, and Kathmandu is Nepal's capital.