To answer this question, let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:

Option A) They can be applied to both data & methods - This option is correct because access modifiers can be applied to both data variables and methods within a class. Access modifiers such as public, private, and protected control the visibility and accessibility of these members.

Option B) They must precede a class's data variables or methods - This option is correct because access modifiers must be placed before the declaration of data variables or methods in a class. This ensures that the access level of these members is properly defined.

Option C) They can follow a class's data variables or methods - This option is incorrect because access modifiers cannot follow the declaration of data variables or methods. They must be placed before the declaration.

Option D) They can appear in any order - This option is correct because access modifiers within a class definition can appear in any order. However, it is generally good practice to follow a consistent ordering convention, such as placing them before the declaration.

Option E) They must be applied to data variables first and then to methods - This option is incorrect because access modifiers can be applied to data variables and methods in any order. There is no requirement to apply them to data variables first and then to methods.

The correct answer is A, B, D. These options accurately describe the use of access modifiers within a class definition.

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• Wrong explanation

To answer this question, we need to understand how Java programs are executed.

In Java, the entry point of a program is the main() method. When a Java program is run, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) looks for the main() method and starts executing the code from there.

In the given program, there is no main() method defined. Instead, there is a static block of code that is executed when the class is loaded. This static block contains the code System.out.println("without the main method"); which will print "without the main method" to the console.

Since this program does not have a main() method, it cannot be executed directly. However, if this class is used as a dependency in another program that does have a main() method, the static block will be executed when the class is loaded.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

C) It runs successfully and prints "without the main method"

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• Wrong explanation