Maratha Empire and the Rise of Regional Powers

Shivaji Maharaj, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, founded the Maratha Empire in 1674.

Shahu Maharaj, who ruled from 1707 to 1749, expanded the Maratha Empire to its greatest extent, stretching from the Indus River in the north to the Kaveri River in the south.

Raigad, located in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, was the capital of the Maratha Empire during the reign of Shivaji Maharaj.

Shivaji Maharaj was known as the 'Lion of Maharashtra' for his bravery and military prowess.

The administrative system of the Maratha Empire was known as the Ashtapradhan, which consisted of eight ministers who assisted the ruler in governing the empire.

Shivaji Maharaj signed the Treaty of Purandar with the Mughal Empire in 1665, which resulted in the Marathas ceding some of their territories to the Mughals.

The Maratha navy, known as the Maratha Navy, was a powerful force that played a significant role in the Maratha Empire's expansion and control of coastal areas.

Shivaji Maharaj was known as the 'Chhatrapati', which means 'Lord of the Umbrella', a title that symbolized his sovereignty and authority.

Sadashivrao Bhau, the commander-in-chief of the Maratha army, led the Marathas to victory at the Battle of Panipat in 1761, defeating the Mughal army led by Ahmad Shah Abdali.

Balaji Vishwanath, who served as the Peshwa (Prime Minister) of the Maratha Empire from 1713 to 1720, was the first Maratha ruler to hold the title of Peshwa.

Baji Rao II, the last Peshwa of the Maratha Empire, signed the Treaty of Bassein with the British East India Company in 1802, which led to the decline of the Maratha Empire.

Haripant Phadke, a Maratha general, led the Maratha army to victory at the Battle of Kharda in 1795, defeating the Nizam of Hyderabad.

Mahadji Sindhia, who served as the regent of the Maratha Empire from 1784 to 1794, was known as the 'Maratha Napoleon' for his military prowess and strategic skills.